经中心静脉通路装置采血的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.09.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的检索、评价和总结经中心静脉通路装置采血的相关证据,为临床实践提供参考。方法系统检索相关网站及数据库中关于经中心静脉通路装置采血的证据,包括临床决策、系统评价、指南、证据总结和专家共识,检索时间为建库至2021年12月7日。经过循证护理培训的2名研究者对文献质量进行独立评价,并结合专业判断,对符合质量标准的文献进行资料提取。结果共纳入7篇文献,其中指南6篇、系统评价1篇。总结的最佳证据包括医护人员培训、采血方法、采集特殊标本、采血质量控制策略4个方面,共27条证据。结论医护人员在证据转化过程中应全面评估临床情境和患者个体因素,有针对性地选择并应用最佳证据,以提高经中心静脉通路装置采血的规范性和安全性。

关键词: 血管通路装置, 血样采集, 证据总结, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the evidence related to blood collection via central venous access devices for clinical references. Methods Systematic search was conducted in related websites and databases. The search period was from the establishment of the databases to December 7,2021,and the clinical decisions,systematic reviews,guidelines,evidence summaries,and expert consensuses were included. The quality of the literature was independently evaluated by evidence-based trained investigators and combined with professional judgment to extract information from the literature that met the quality standards. Results A total of 7 articles were included,including 6 guidelines and 1 systematic review. The best evidence included a total of 27 pieces of evidence in 4 areas,namely training of health care personnel,blood collection methods,collection of special samples,and quality control strategies for blood collection. Conclusion In the process of evidence transformation,medical staff should comprehensively consider the clinical contexts and individual factors of patients,and choose the best evidence,optimize the clinical behavior of blood specimen collection through central venous access devices,so as to improve the standardization and safety of blood specimen collection.

Key words: Vascular Access Devices, Blood Specimen Collection, Evidence Summary, Evidence-Based Nursing

张晓梅, 秦毅, 陈瑜, 王伶俐, 李静逸, 王娅. 经中心静脉通路装置采血的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(9): 1134-1140.

ZHANG Xiaomei, QIN Yi, CHEN Yu, WANG Lingli, LI Jingyi, WANG Ya. Summary of the best evidence for blood collection from central venous access devices[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(9): 1134-1140.

图/表 4

图1 文献筛选流程

Figure 1 Literature screening process

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=7）

Table 1 General characteristics of included literature（n=7）

表2 纳入指南的质量评价结果（n=6）

Table 2 Quality evaluation results of the guidelines（n=6）

表3 经中心静脉通路装置采血的最佳证据总结

Table 3 Best evidence summary for blood sample collection from central venous access devices

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