芳香化酶抑制剂治疗期间乳腺癌患者症状群对生活质量的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2021.08.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨乳腺癌患者在接受芳香化酶抑制剂（aromatase inhibitor,AI）治疗期间所出现的症状群及生活质量,并分析症状群与生活质量的相关性。方法采取横断面调查,选取2020年4月—2021年1月就诊于北京市某肿瘤专科医院乳腺中心门诊患者260例。采用一般情况调查表、安德森症状量表、简明健康调查量表进行调查。结果回收有效问卷254份。通过主成分分析,提炼出3组症状群：病感症状群、治疗相关-心理症状群、消化系统症状群。患者简明健康调查量表生理健康、心理健康得分分别为（38.51±12.03）分、（43.06±14.29）分。多元线性回归分析显示,病感症状群越重、治疗相关-心理症状群越重、体重指数越高、文化程度越低,患者的生理健康越差;随着口服AI时间的延长,生理健康会有所改善。治疗相关-心理症状群越重,则患者的心理健康越差。结论乳腺癌患者在接受AI治疗期间存在多组症状群,症状群与生活质量呈负相关。医护人员应关注接受AI治疗患者,有必要制订针对性的干预措施,以缓解症状群并改善患者的生活质量。

关键词: 乳腺肿瘤, 芳香化酶抑制剂, 症状群, 生活质量, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the symptom clusters and the quality of life of breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors（AI） and to analyze the correlation of the symptom clusters and the quality of life. Methods With the adoption of a cross-sectional study,260 breast cancer patients who were undergoing AI treatment in a Beijing Cancer Hospital were surveyed from the time range between April 2020 to January 2021. The demographic data,MD Anderson symptom inventory,medical outcomes study 36-items short-form health survey were used for investigation. Results 254 valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Through principal component analysis,3 groups of symptom groups were extracted,namely disease symptom cluster,treatment-related-psychological symptom cluster and gastrointestinal symptom cluster. The results showed that the scores of physical component score and mental component score were（38.51 ± 12.03） and （43.06 ± 14.29） respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the more severe the disease symptom cluster,the more severe the treatment-related psychological symptom cluster,the higher the BMI and the lower the education level,the worse physical health will be. With the extension of oral AI,the physical health improved. The more severe the treatment-related psychological symptom cluster,the worse the mental health will be. Conclusion Breast cancer patients receiving AI experienced multiple symptoms clusters. There was a negative correlation between symptom clusters and quality of life. It’s necessary to pay more attention to the patients accepting outpatient AI treatment. Targeted interventions need to develop to relieve symptom clusters and improve the quality of life.

Key words: Breast Neoplasms, Aromatase Inhibitors, Symptom Clusters, Quality of Life, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

文翠菊,王玥妮,孙红娟,于新颖. 芳香化酶抑制剂治疗期间乳腺癌患者症状群对生活质量的影响[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(8): 1201-1207.

WEN Cuiju,WANG Yueni,SUN Hongjuan,YU Xinying. Symptom clusters and the effects on quality of life among breast cancer patients receiving aromatase inhibitors[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021, 56(8): 1201-1207.

图/表 5

表1 调查对象的一般资料和生活质量单因素分析结果（n=254）

Table 1 The demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants and the results of the univariate analysis of the quality of life（n=254）

表2 芳香化酶抑制剂治疗期间患者症状的因子载荷（n=254）

Table 2 Symptom clusters of the participants during the aromatase inhibitor adjuvant treatment（n=254）

表3 芳香化酶抑制剂治疗期间患者症状群与生活质量相关性分析（n=254）

Table 3 The correlation analysis of the symptom clusters and quality of life during the aromatase inhibitor adjuvant treatment（n=254）

表4 自变量赋值

Table 4 Variables assignment table

表5 生活质量多元线性回归分析结果（n=254）

Table 5 Multiple linear regression of predictors of quality of life（n=254）

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