育龄期宫颈癌患者家庭支持方案的构建及应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.06.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于McMaster家庭功能理论，构建育龄期宫颈癌患者家庭支持方案并探讨应用效果，旨在为育龄期宫颈癌患者的家庭支持提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2024年1—12月在无锡市某三级甲等专科医院妇科肿瘤科住院的108例育龄期宫颈癌患者及其照顾者作为研究对象，按入院时间，将2024年7—12月收治的54例患者及其照顾者纳入试验组，2024年1—6月收治的54例患者及其照顾者纳入对照组。试验组采用基于McMaster家庭功能理论的家庭支持方案进行护理，对照组采用常规的家庭支持护理，比较两组干预前、干预12周后的家庭功能评定量表、宫颈癌治疗后功能评定量表、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表的得分差异。结果两组均无样本脱落。干预后，试验组家庭功能评定量表得分为（114.31±4.03）分，低于对照组的（131.93±4.29）分；宫颈癌治疗后功能评定量表得分为（109.11± 7.81）分，高于对照组的（97.26±5.66）分；焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表得分均低于对照组，两组比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论实施基于McMaster家庭功能理论的家庭支持方案可提高育龄期宫颈癌患者的家庭功能水平，缓解患者负性情绪，提升生活质量。

关键词: McMaster家庭功能理论, 宫颈癌, 家庭支持, 肿瘤护理

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate the effect of a family support program based on the McMaster model in cervical cancer patients of childbearing age，aiming to provide a reference for family support in this population. Methods By convenience sampling，108 cervical cancer patients of reproductive age and their caregivers in a tertiary specialized hospital in Wuxi city from January to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Among them，54 patients and their caregivers from July to December 2024 were designated as an experimental group，and another 54 from January to June 2024 constituted a control group. The experimental group received a family support program based on the McMaster model，and the control group received conventional family support care，and the 2 groups were compared in terms of their pre-intervention and post-intervention 12-week scores on the Family Assessment Device（FAD），Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Cervix（FACT-Cx） score，Self-rating Anxiety Scale（SAS） score，and Self-rating Depression Scale（SDS） score. Results After the intervention，the score of the FAD in the experimental group was（114.31±4.03） points，which was lower than（131.93±4.29） points in the control group. The score of the FACT-Cx after cervical cancer treatment was（109.11±7.81） points，which was higher than（97.26±5.66） points in the control group. The scores of the SAS and the SDS were both lower than those of the control group. Comparisons between the 2 groups showed statistically significant differences（P<0.001）. Conclusion The family support program based on the McMaster model can improve the level of family functioning，alleviate negative emotions，and enhance the quality of life of patients.

Key words: McMaster Family Functioning Theory, Cervical Cancer, Family Support, Oncologic Nursing

王雪娇, 蒋玲, 马倩, 李现文, 张彦, 吕亚, 施晓芸. 育龄期宫颈癌患者家庭支持方案的构建及应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(6): 806-813.

WANG Xuejiao, JIANG Ling, MA Qian, LI Xianwen, ZHANG Yan, LÜ Ya, SHI Xiaoyun. Construction and application research of a family support program in cervical cancer patients of reproductive age[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(6): 806-813.

图/表 5

表1 基于McMaster家庭功能理论的育龄期宫颈癌患者家庭支持方案

Table 1 McMaster model-based family support program for childbearing age cervical cancer patients

表2 两组一般资料的比较[例（百分比，%）]

Table 2 Comparison of general data between patients and caregivers in the 2 groups[case（percentage,%）]

表3 两组干预前后家庭功能评定量表得分的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of the scores of Family Assessment Device before and after the intervention in the 2 groups （score，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表4 两组干预前后生活质量得分的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of the scores of Quality of Life before and after the intervention in the 2 groups （score，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表5 两组干预前后焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表得分的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 5 Comparison of the scores of the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Self-Rating Depression Scale before and after the intervention in the 2 groups（score，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

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