结直肠癌患者运动干预方案的构建及应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.08.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建结直肠癌术后患者运动干预方案并评价其应用效果，旨在为实施相关干预提供借鉴。方法研究小组对结直肠癌患者运动证据进行归纳、总结，通过小组讨论、专家咨询、半结构化访谈和预试验，构建结直肠癌术后患者运动干预方案。采用便利抽样法，选取2023年10月—2024年3月吉林省某三级甲等医院结直肠肛门外科收治的结直肠癌患者作为研究对象，试验组与对照组各纳入35例患者，试验组接受常规护理和运动干预，对照组接受常规护理。比较两组干预后1周、干预后1个月身体活动时间、30 s连续坐椅实验次数及身体活动依从性。结果试验组脱落4例，对照组脱落3例。重复测量方差分析结果显示，两组步行时间、久坐时间、30 s坐椅实验次数的组间和时间存在交互作用（P<0.05），干预后试验组步行时间、久坐时间、30 s坐椅实验次数、中度体力活动时间和身体活动依从性得分优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论运动干预可以增加结直肠癌术后患者中度身体活动时间和步行时间，缩短久坐时间，提高其身体活动的依从性，改善其下肢肌力。

关键词: 多理论模型, 结直肠癌术后患者, 身体活动, 下肢肌力, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To construct an exercise intervention scheme for postoperative colorectal cancer patients and evaluate its application. Methods The research team summarized the evidence on exercise recommendations for patients with colorectal cancer（CRC） and constructed an exercise intervention scheme through group discussion，expert consultation，semi-structured interviews，and onsite consultation. Patients with CRC admitted to the Department of Colorectal Surgery of a tertiary A hospital in Jilin province were selected as the study subjects by a convenience sampling method from October 2023 to March 2024. The test group and the control group included 35 patients in each group. The test group received basic nursing and exercise intervention，the control group received basic nursing and knowledge-based education. The 2 groups were compared in terms of physical activity, number of 30 s chair-stand test，and physical activity compliance score at 1 week post-intervention and 1 month post-intervention. Results There were 4 cases dropped in the test group and 3 cases dropped in the control group. The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that there were between-group and time interaction effects for walking time，sedentary time，and the number of chair stands in 30 s in the 2 groups（P<0.05）. The experimental group’s walking time，sedentary time，the number of chair stands in 30 s，moderate physical activity time and the physical activity compliance scores were better than those of the control group after the intervention，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion This exercise intervention based on a multi-theory model significantly increased the moderate physical activity time and walking time，decreased the sedentary time and improved compliance with physical activity recommendations, which may improve lower limb muscle strength in postoperative colorectal cancer patients.

Key words: Multi-Theory Model, Postoperative Colorectal Cancer Patients, Physical Activity, Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Nursing Care

秦晓红, 张连杰, 殷晴, 刘美玲, 陈思. 结直肠癌患者运动干预方案的构建及应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(8): 901-907.

QIN Xiaohong, ZHANG Lianjie, YIN Qing, LIU Meiling, CHEN Si. Construction and application of an exercise intervention scheme for patients with colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(8): 901-907.

图/表 5

表1 结直肠癌术后患者运动干预方案

Table 1 Exercise intervention scheme for postoperative colorectal cancer patients

表2 两组一般资料的比较

Table 2 Baseline comparison of 2 groups before intervention

表3 两组身体活动时间的比较

Table 3 Comparison of physical activity time between 2 groups

表4 两组30 s坐椅实验次数的比较（次，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 4 Comparison of 30 s chair-stand test between 2 groups（times，$\bar{x}±s$）

表5 两组身体活动依从性的比较[scores，M（P25，P75）]

Table 5 Comparison of physical activity compliance between 2 groups[scores，M（P25，P75）]

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