虚拟现实康复支持系统对喉切除术后患者照顾者出院准备度的影响研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.20.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨虚拟现实康复支持系统对喉切除术后患者照顾者出院准备度的改善效果，为提高患者出院准备度提供参考。方法虚拟现实康复支持系统由基于虚拟现实技术的喉切除术后患者居家护理技能指导模块和基于循证医学证据的人工智能问答模块组成。采用便利抽样法，选取2024年7月—2025年1月北京市某三级甲等医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科首次行喉切除术的64例患者照顾者为研究对象，通过抛硬币法决定一病区为试验组，二病区为对照组，两组各32例。试验组实施基于虚拟现实康复支持系统的出院指导，对照组实施口头联合纸质版材料的出院指导，比较干预后两组出院准备度和出院指导质量得分差异。结果两组无样本脱落。干预后，试验组出院准备度和出院指导质量得分均高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。结论该研究构建的虚拟现实康复支持系统具有良好的可行性与有效性。应用该系统进行出院指导，可提升喉切除术后患者照顾者的出院准备度及出院指导质量，优化健康教育模式、提升护理资源利用效率、完善延续护理。

关键词: 喉切除术, 虚拟现实技术, 出院准备度, 出院指导质量, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop a virtual reality rehabilitation support system and evaluate its effects on improving discharge readiness in caregivers of laryngectomy patients. Methods The system is equipped with a virtual reality-based home nursing skills guidance module for post-laryngectomy patients and an evidence-based artificial intelligence Q&A module. A convenience sampling method was adopted to select 64 caregivers of patients who underwent laryngectomy for the first time in the otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery department of a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from July 2024 to January 2025 for a systematic study on application effects. To avoid cross-contamination between an experimental group and a control group，ward-based grouping was applied. A coin toss was used to assign Ward 1 to an experimental group and Ward 2 to a control group，with 32 cases in each group. The experimental group received discharge guidance based on the virtual reality technology，while the control group was provided with conventional verbal and written discharge instructions. The readiness for hospital discharge and the quality of discharge teaching scores of caregivers were compared between the 2 groups after the intervention. Results No sample detachment. After the intervention，the patient caregivers in the experimental group scored significantly higher than those in the control group in terms of discharge readiness and quality of discharge guidance，with a statistically significant difference（P<0.001）. Conclusion This study developed the virtual reality rehabilitation system for laryngeal cancer patients demonstrated good feasibility and effectiveness. The application of this system for discharge education significantly improved discharge readiness of caregivers and quality of discharge guidance for post-laryngectomy patients. It also helped with the optimization of health education models，enhancement of nursing resource utilization efficiency，and improvement of transitional care.

Key words: Laryngectomy, Virtual Reality Technology, Discharge Readiness, Quality of Discharge Guidance, Nursing Care

李莉, 刘永玲, 张洋, 廉猛, 王月红, 鲁顺丽, 杨晨, 李婷婷, 贺怡然, 金晓婷, 徐飞龙, 田梓蓉. 虚拟现实康复支持系统对喉切除术后患者照顾者出院准备度的影响研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(20): 2451-2457.

LI Li, LIU Yongling, ZHANG Yang, LIAN Meng, WANG Yuehong, LU Shunli, YANG Chen, LI Tingting, HE Yiran, JIN Xiaoting, XU Feilong, TIAN Zirong. Effects of a virtual reality rehabilitation support system on discharge readiness among caregivers of post-laryngectomy patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(20): 2451-2457.

图/表 4

表1 虚拟现实康复支持系统内容

Table 1 Virtual reality rehabilitation support system

表2 两组一般资料的比较[名（百分比，%）]

Table 2 Comparison of general data between 2 groups [case（percentage，%）]

表3 干预前后两组照顾者出院准备度的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of CPS scores between the 2 groups before and after the intervention（scores，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表4 干预前后两组出院指导质量的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of the total QDRS scores between the 2 groups before and after intervention（scores, $\bar{x} \pm s$）

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