减重手术患者不良饮食行为评估工具的系统评价

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.18.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的系统评价减重手术患者不良饮食行为评估工具，为临床医护人员选择最佳的评估工具提供依据。方法系统检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library数据库，检索时限为建库至2025年3月15日。由2名研究人员独立进行方法学和测量学质量评价，并结合改良版推荐分级的评估、制定与评价形成推荐意见。结果共纳入14篇文献，包括2个减重手术患者不良饮食行为特异性评估工具和10个普适性评估工具。所有评估工具的内容效度方法学质量均为“模糊”，证据等级为中等；结构效度与内部一致性普遍表现良好（Cronbach’s α系数>0.7）；稳定性、效标效度及跨文化效度研究不足。9个评估工具为B级推荐，3个为C级推荐。结论推荐使用减重术后饮食失调自我报告问卷以及食物渴望特征问卷，但其测量学属性仍需进一步验证。

关键词: 减重手术, 不良饮食行为, 评估工具, 系统评价, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate the methodological quality and measurement properties of assessment tools for maladaptive eating behaviors in bariatric surgery patients. Methods A systematic search of the CNKI，Wanfang database，VIP，CBM，PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，and Cochrane Library was conducted from inception to March 15，2025. Totally 2 researchers independently screened the literature and extracted the data. The consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments checklist and quality criteria were employed to evaluate the methodological quality and psychometric properties of the included assessment tools，and combined with a modified version of the GRADE to form recommendations. Results A total of 14 articles were included，involving 2 specific assessment tools for bariatric surgery patients and 10 universal assessment tools. The methodological quality of content validity was rated as “unclear” for all scales，with moderate certainty of evidence. Structural validity and internal consistency generally performed well（Cronbach’s α>0.7）. However，evidence for stability，criterion validity，and cross-cultural validity remains insufficient. A total of 9 instruments were recommended as Grade B，while 3 were recommended as Grade C. Conclusion The disordered eating after bariatric surgery and the food craving questionnaire-trait are recommended for clinical use，but further validation of their psychometric properties is still needed.

Key words: Bariatric Surgery, Disordered Eating Behavior, Assessment Tool, Systematic Review, Evidence-Based Nursing

田雪晴, 贾国安, 相裕华, 李红, 季红. 减重手术患者不良饮食行为评估工具的系统评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(18): 2287-2293.

TIAN Xueqing, JIA Guoan, XIANG Yuhua, LI Hong, JI Hong. Systematic review of assessment tools for maladaptive eating behaviors in bariatric surgery patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(18): 2287-2293.

图/表 4

表1 PubMed检索策略

Table 1 Search strategies of PubMed database

表2 纳入文献的基本特征（n=14）

Table 2 Basic characteristics of the included studies（n=14）

表3 纳入评估工具的方法学质量及测量属性评价（n=14）

Table 3 Evaluation of methodological quality and measurement properties of included assessment tools（n=14）

表4 纳入评估工具的等级评价及推荐意见（n=12）

Table 4 Evaluation of the grade of included assessment tools and recommendations（n=12）

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