老年人内在能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.15.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制老年人内在能力评估量表，并检验其信效度，为老年人内在能力评估提供有效的工具。方法以“国际功能，残疾和健康分类”为理论框架，通过文献分析、专家函询及预调查形成初始版老年人内在能力评估量表。于2023年7月—9月，采用便利抽样法，选取650名老年人进行调查，并于2周后对20名老年人再次调查，检验问卷的信效度。结果 2轮专家函询的有效问卷作答率分别为92.3%和91.7%，专家权威系数分别为0.83、0.86，条目重要性评分的均值分别为2.04~3.79分、3.50~3.82分，满分比分别为4.2%~83.3%、54.6%~86.4%，变异系数分别为0.11~0.42、0.11~0.23。探索性因子分析共提取5个公因子，累计方差贡献率为68.327%。验证性因子分析结果显示，各项拟合指标为：卡方自由度比值为1.908、近似误差的均方根为0.054、比较拟合指数为0.931、增值适配指数为0.932、非规范适配指数为0.922。条目水平的内容效度指数为0.82~1.00，量表水平的内容效度指数为0.91。量表的Cronbach’s α系数为0.944，折半信度为0.806，重测信度为0.933。形成的老年人内在能力评估量表包括运动、活力、感觉、认知、心理5个维度，共35个条目。结论老年人内在能力评估量表具有良好的信效度，可作为评价老年人内在能力水平的可靠工具。

关键词: 老年人, 内在能力, 量表, 信度, 效度, 问卷调查, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop and test the reliability and validity of the Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People，so as to provide an effective tool for the assessment of the intrinsic capacity of the aged. Methods Based on the International Classification of Functioning，Disability and Health（ICF） as the theoretical framework，the initial version of The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People was developed through literature analysis，Delphi expert consultation and pre-survey. From July to September 2023，650 old people were selected by convenience sampling method to conduct a survey，and 20 old people were surveyed after 2 weeks again to test the reliability and validity of the scale. Results The effective questionnaire recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert correspondence were 92.3% and 91.7%；the expert authority coefficients were 0.83 and 0.86；the mean importance scores of items were 2.04-3.79 and 3.50-3.82，and the full score ratios were 4.2%-83.3% and 54.6%-86.4%，respectively. The coefficients of variation were 0.11-0.42 and 0.11-0.23，respectively. A total of 5 common factors were extracted from exploratory factor analysis，and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 68.327%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit indexes were χ²/df=1.908，RMSEA=0.054，CFI=0.931，IFI=0.932，TLI=0.922，indicating a good fit. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.944；the split half reliability was 0.806；the retest reliability was 0.933. The content validity index of item level was 0.82-1.00，and the content validity index of scale level was 0.91. The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People included 35 items in 5 dimensions：movement，vitality，sensation，cognition and psychology. Conclusion The Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People has good reliability and validity，and it can be used as a reliable tool to evaluate the intrinsic capacity level of the aged.

Key words: Aged, Intrinsic Capacity, Scale, Reliability, Validity, Questionnaire, Nursing Care

延芝丽, 杨支兰, 赵慧敏, 翟艳萍, 加悦悦, 晋源媛, 田紫薇, 刘星宇. 老年人内在能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(15): 1852-1859.

YAN Zhili, YANG Zhilan, ZHAO Huimin, ZHAI Yanping, JIA Yueyue, JIN Yuanyuan, TIAN Ziwei, LIU Xingyu. Development and reliability and validity test of the Intrinsic Capacity Assessment Scale for the Older People[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(15): 1852-1859.

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