慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的最佳证据总结

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.14.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的检索、评价和整合慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的最佳证据，为临床实践提供循证依据。方法遵循“6S”金字塔模型，系统检索国内外指南网站、专业协会网站及数据库中关于慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的指南、临床决策、专家共识、证据总结、推荐实践及系统评价等，检索时限为建库至2022年12月。由2名研究者独立进行文献质量评价、证据提取与汇总。结果共纳入17篇文献，包括2篇指南、1篇专家共识、3篇临床决策、6篇证据总结、2篇推荐实践、3篇系统评价，从总体原则、疼痛评估与记录、敷料更换与选择、伤口清洗、伤口清创、负压伤口治疗、药物干预策略、非药物干预策略及教育与培训9个方面总结了34条最佳证据。结论该研究总结的慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的最佳证据具有科学性与实用性，医护人员可结合临床情境及患者意愿选择并应用证据，以减轻患者的创面操作性疼痛。

关键词: 慢性伤口, 创面操作性疼痛, 疼痛管理, 证据总结, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To search，evaluate and integrate the best evidence of wound procedural pain management in patients with chronic wounds，and to provide evidence-based references for clinical practice. Methods Following the“6S” evidence model，we systematically searched relevant literature of wound procedural pain management in patients with chronic wounds，including clinical practice guidelines，clinical decisions，expert consensuses，evidence summaries，recommended practice and systematic reviews，with the search period from the datebase establishment to December 2022. The quality evaluation，extraction and integration for evidence were conducted independently by 2 researchers，respectively. Results A total of 17 articles were involved，including 2 guidelines，1 expert consensus，3 clinical decisions，6 evidence summaries，2 recommended practice，3 systematic reviews. 34 pieces of best evidence were synthesized into 9 categories，including general principles，pain assessment and documentation，replacement and selection of the wound dressing，wound cleaning，wound debridement，negative pressure wound therapy，drug intervention strategies，non-drug intervention strategies，education and training. Conclusion The best evidence of wound procedural pain management in patients with chronic wounds in this study is scientific and practical. Medical staff can select and apply the best evidence based on clinical situation and patient willingness to reduce wound procedural pain.

Key words: Chronic Wound, Wound Procedural Pain, Pain Management, Evidence Summary, Evidence-Based Nursing

张媛, 郭锦丽, 刘宏, 郭彩霞, 刘相. 慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的最佳证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(14): 1761-1768.

ZHANG Yuan, GUO Jinli, LIU Hong, GUO Caixia, LIU Xiang. The best evidence summary of wound procedural pain management in patients with chronic wounds[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(14): 1761-1768.

图/表 4

图1 文献筛选流程

Figure 1 Literature screening process

表1 纳入文献的基本特征（n=17）

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies（n=17）

表2 纳入指南的质量评价结果（n=2）

Table 2 Quality evaluation results of guidelines（n=2）

表3 慢性伤口患者创面操作性疼痛管理的最佳证据总结

Table 3 Evidence summary of wound procedural pain management in patients with chronic wounds

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