成人氧气吸入疗法护理团体标准临床实施情况的调查研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.14.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解成人氧气吸入疗法护理团体标准（简称“氧疗标准”）在临床的实施情况，为促进氧疗护理实践规范提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，于2022年12月15日—2023年1月14日采用自行编制的问卷对24个省（直辖市）902所医院的护士进行调查，调查内容包括医院是否举办过氧疗标准的培训、是否已实施氧疗标准的要求、氧疗实践相关知识、氧疗医嘱包括的内容、氧疗适应证的应用及实施现状等。结果共收回问卷10 481份，其中有效问卷10 447份，问卷有效回收率为99.68%。63.14%的护士表示医院举办过氧疗标准的培训；仅47.82%的护士知道文丘里面罩的正确使用方法；41.90%的护士能指出调节氧流量的正确浮标位置。31.88%的护士表示会根据二氧化碳潴留患者的氧合情况进行氧流量调节；19.56%的护士表示会根据患者氧流量、氧疗时长来确定是否应用湿化装置。结论护士虽接受过氧疗标准的相关培训，但相关知识水平仍不高，需持续进行系统培训，标准内容的实施也需进一步规范。医疗机构应从开展系统的培训并巩固效果、提供系统支持、如何维持实施成效等方面进行探索，进一步落实氧疗标准的实施，不断规范护士氧疗实践，为患者提供更为安全、精准的氧疗。

关键词: 团体标准, 氧疗护理, 护理安全, 护士, 问卷调查

Abstract:

Objective To understand the implementation of the nursing group standards for oxygen inhalation therapy in clinical practice，and to provide a reference for improving the nursing practice of oxygen therapy. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to investigate nurses from 902 hospitals in 24 provinces and municipalities directly under the central government using a self-designed questionnaire from December 15th，2022，to January 14th，2023. The content of questionnaire included whether they had implemented the recommendations of the oxygen therapy standards，the knowledge of safety related to oxygen therapy，and the components of oxygen therapy prescriptions，the indications used for patients receiving oxygen therapy and practice status of oxygen therapy. Results A total of 10 481 questionnaires were returned，of which 10 447 were valid，with a valid questionnaire recovery rate of 99.68%. 63.14% of the nurses indicated that the hospital had organized training on oxygen therapy standards. Only 47.82% of nurses know the correct use of the Venturi mask. 41.90% of nurses could indicate the correct indicator of flow adjustment. 31.88% of the nurses stated that they will adjust the oxygen flow rate based on the oxygenation status of carbon dioxide storage patients. Only 19.56% of nurses indicated that humidification is applied in oxygen therapy based on the oxygen flow and duration. Conclusion Even though nurses had received training related to oxygen therapy standards，the level of knowledge of oxygen therapy standards was still low；therefore continuous systematic training was needed，and the implementation of the content of oxygen therapy standards needed to be further standardized. Healthcare institutions would focus on organizing systematic training and maintaining the training effect，enhancing infrastructure and providing support for implementation. Recommendation to the nursing administration is to explore how to comprehensively and continuously implementing the oxygen therapy nursing standards with the ultimate goal of providing patients safer and more accurate oxygen therapy.

Key words: Group Standard, Oxygen Therapy Nursing, Nursing Safety, Nurses, Questionaire

齐晓玖, 王慧婷, 徐钰, 黄峥, 张智霞, 马宏文, 鲜于云艳, 张素. 成人氧气吸入疗法护理团体标准临床实施情况的调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(14): 1726-1731.

QI Xiaojiu, WANG Huiting, XU Yu, HUANG Zheng, ZHANG Zhixia, MA Hongwen, XIANYU Yunyan, ZHANG Su. Analysis of clinical implementation of nursing group standard for oxygen therapy in adult patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(14): 1726-1731.

图/表 4

表1 调查对象的一般资料（n=10 447）

Table 1 General information on participants（n=10 447）

表2 氧疗实践相关知识掌握情况[n=10 447，名（百分率，%）]

Table 2 Mastery of knowledge related to oxygen therapy practice[n=10 447，case（percentage，%）]

表3 不同学历、年资护士及不同工作科室经历护士氧疗实践相关知识得分比较（n=10 447）

Table 3 Comparison of oxygen therapy knowledge levels among nurses with different education level，length of work and working experience（n=10 447）

表4 同级别医院是否接受过氧疗标准培训的护士氧疗知识得分比较（n=10 447）

Table 4 Comparison of oxygen therapy knowledge scores of nurses at same hospital levels who had received oxygen therapy standard training（n=10 447）

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