新疆南疆地区代谢综合征患者健康管理行为的潜在剖面分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.12.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的识别代谢综合征患者健康管理行为的潜在类别，分析不同类别的特征差异和影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法，2022年7月—12月选取新疆南疆地区906例代谢综合征患者作为调查对象，收集患者的社会人口学信息和代谢综合征患者健康自我管理行为量表得分，确定代谢综合征患者健康管理行为的类别，并通过单因素分析和无序多分类Logistic回归分析不同类别的影响因素。结果 906例代谢综合征患者的健康管理行为可分为健康管理行为较差组（40.5%）、健康管理行为中等-高服药管理组（40.7%）及健康管理行为良好组（18.8%）3个类别。相较于健康管理行为良好组，非农牧民、社会支持是健康管理行为较差组代谢综合征患者的保护因素，自我效能是健康管理行为中等-高服药管理组代谢综合征患者的保护因素，而压力知觉是2个类别的危险因素。结论代谢综合征患者健康管理行为不佳，护理人员可根据不同类别及其影响因素，有针对性地开展个性化的健康管理。

关键词: 代谢综合征, 健康管理行为, 潜在剖面分析, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To identify the potential categories of health management behaviors of patients with metabolic syndrome（MS），and to analyze differences in characteristics and influencing factors of patients across classes. Methods A random sample of 906 MS patients in southern Xinjiang were selected to investigate the current health management behaviors. The demographic information and Self-management Behaviors of MS patients results were collected. Latent profile analysis，univariate analysis，and unordered multi-categorical Logistic regression were used to identify the potential categories and predictors of health management behaviors in MS patients. Results The health management behaviors of 906 MS patients could be categorized into 3 groups：poor health management behaviors group（40.5%），health management behaviors medium-high medication management group（40.7%），and good health management behaviors group（18.8%）. Compared with the good health management behaviors group，non-agriculture and animal husbandry，social support are protective factors for MS patients in the poor health management behaviors group. Self-efficacy is a protective factor for MS patients in the health management behaviors medium-high medication management group，and perceived stress is a risk factor for both categories. Conclusion The health management behaviors of MS patients are at a poor level. Nurses can carry out personalized health management according to different categories and their main influencing factors.

Key words: Metabolic Syndrome, Health Management Behaviors, Latent Profile Analysis, Root couse Analysis, Nursing Care

常雅舒, 李可意, 倪志宏. 新疆南疆地区代谢综合征患者健康管理行为的潜在剖面分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(12): 1475-1483.

CHANG Yashu, LI Keyi, NI Zhihong. Potential profile analysis of health management behaviors of patients with metabolic syndrome in southern Xinjiang[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(12): 1475-1483.

图/表 4

表1 代谢综合征患者健康管理行为潜在剖面拟合指标（n=906）

Table 1 Potential profile fitting index of health management behaviors in patients with MS（n=906）

图1 代谢综合征患者健康管理行为的3个潜在类别的特征分布

Figure 1 Feature distribution of 3 latent categories of health management behaviors of MS patients

表2 代谢综合征患者健康管理行为潜在类别的单因素分析

Table 2 Univariate analysis of potential categories of health management behaviors among MS patients

表3 代谢综合征患者健康管理行为潜在类别的Logistic回归分析

Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of potential categories of health management behaviors in MS patients

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