妊娠期高血压疾病产妇出院后应对困难现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.22.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解妊娠期高血压疾病（hypertensive disorders of pregnancy，HDP）产妇出院后应对困难现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法，于2021年1月—8月，采用一般资料调查表、产妇出院后应对困难量表、产妇出院准备度量表、家庭关怀指数量表，对南京市某三级甲等妇产医院产科病区住院分娩的280例HDP产妇进行调查。采用单因素分析及多元线性回归分析HDP产妇出院后应对困难的影响因素。结果回收有效问卷238例，有效问卷回收率为85.0%。HDP产妇出院后应对困难量表得分为（5.07±1.69）分，处于中等水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示，产次、月子期间主要照顾者、HDP类型、出院准备度、家庭关怀指数是HDP产妇出院后应对困难的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 HDP产妇出院后应对困难有待进一步改善，受多种因素影响。医护人员应重点关注该类产妇的出院后应对困难情况，根据相关影响因素，制订有针对性的延续性护理方案，综合提升其应对能力，降低其出院后应对困难水平。

关键词: 妊娠期高血压疾病, 产妇, 出院后应对困难, 影响因素分析, 产科护理

Abstract:

Objective To describe the status of the post-discharge coping difficulties in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy（HDP），and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 280 women with HDP from a tertiary A maternity hospital in Nanjing City were investigated with the general information questionnaire，the post-discharge coping difficulty scale-new mother form，the readiness for hospital discharge study-new mother form，the family APGAR index. The factors influencing post-discharge coping difficulties in women with HDP were analyzed using univariate analysis and multiple linear regression. Results 238 valid questionnaires were collected，with a response rate of 85.0%. The score of the post-discharge coping difficulties in women with HDP was 5.07±1.69，which is at a middle level. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that parity，primary caregiver during the postpartum period，HDP type，readiness for hospital discharge，family APGAR index were influencing factors of post-discharge coping difficulties in women with HDP（P<0.05）. Conclusion Post-discharge coping difficulties in women with HDP remains to be further improved，and it is affected by many factors. Medical staff should pay more attention to post-discharge coping difficulties of such parturients，formulate targeted continuation care programs according to relevant influencing factors，comprehensively improve their coping ability，and reduce their coping difficulties after discharge.

Key words: Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy, Parturient, Post-Discharge Coping Difficulty, Root Cause Analysis, Obstetrical Nursing

蒲丛珊, 夏家爱, 王春华, 单春剑, 龙伟, 张翔娣. 妊娠期高血压疾病产妇出院后应对困难现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(22): 2754-2760.

PU Congshan, XIA Jiaai, WANG Chunhua, SHAN Chunjian, LONG Wei, ZHANG Xiangdi. Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of the post-discharge coping difficulties in women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(22): 2754-2760.

图/表 3

表1 调查对象的一般资料及出院后应对困难影响因素的单因素分析（n=238）

Table 1 The general information of the respondents and the results of the univariate analysis of the influencing factors of post-discharge coping difficulty（n=238）

表2 调查对象出院后应对困难问题及发生频次

Table 2 The frequency and difficulty of the respondents coping after discharge

表3 调查对象出院后应对困难影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果（n=238）

Table 3 Results of multiple linear regression analysis of factors influencing the post-discharge coping difficulty of respondents（n=238）

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