基于保护动机理论糖尿病视网膜病变患者健康教育方案的构建

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.10.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于保护动机理论构建糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案，为糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育工作的开展提供借鉴。方法通过文献研究、理论分析、小组讨论和病例回顾，构建糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案。2022年8月—10月邀请眼科临床护理和医学等相关领域专家进行2轮德尔菲专家咨询，初步确定方案各条目，通过层次分析法确定各指标权重及赋值，最终建立糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案。结果 2轮咨询专家权威系数为0.899，积极系数均为100%；变异系数为0.094~0.564和0.045~0.186，肯德尔和谐系数为0.246和0.293（P<0.01）。最终形成包括2个一级条目、7个二级条目、29个三级条目的糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案。层次分析结果显示，三级条目各矩阵的一致性系数（CR值）均<0.1，符合一致性检验要求。结论该研究构建的糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案具有较高的科学性和针对性，可以为糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育工作提供参考。

关键词: 保护动机, 糖尿病视网膜病变, 德尔菲法, 健康教育, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To construct a health education program for diabetic retinopathy patients based on the theory of protection motivation，and to provide references for the development of health education for diabetic retinopathy patients. Methods Through literature research，theoretical analysis，group discussion and clinical investigation，the health education program of diabetic retinopathy patients was constructed. By Delphi expert consultation method，20 influential senior clinical experts in the field of eye care and diabetic retinopathy were selected as correspondence consultation experts from August to October 2022. 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation were conducted to preliminatively determine each item of the score table，and the weights and values of each index were determined through the analytic hierarchy process. Finally，the health education program for diabetic retinopathy patients was established. Results The expert authority coefficient of the 2 rounds of consultation was 0.89，and the positive coefficient was 100%. The coefficients of variation were 0.094~0.564 and 0.063~0.186，and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.246 and 0.293. Finally，a health education program for patients with diabetic retinopathy was formed，including 2 primary items，7 secondary items and 30 tertiary items. The results of hierarchical analysis show that the CR values of each matrix of the three-level entries are all less than 0.1，which meets the requirements of consistency test. Conclusion The established health education program of diabetic retinopathy patients is highly scientific and targeted，which can provide references for the application.

Key words: Protection Motivation, Diabetic Retinopathy, Delphi Method, Health Education, Nursing Care

王之惠, 郝帅, 白晓温, 王梦頔, 刘畅, 任永霞. 基于保护动机理论糖尿病视网膜病变患者健康教育方案的构建[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(10): 1185-1191.

WANG Zhihui, HAO Shuai, BAI Xiaowen, WANG Mengdi, LIU Chang, REN Yongxia. Construction of a health education program for diabetic retinopathy patients based on protection motivation theory[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(10): 1185-1191.

图/表 3

表1 专家基本情况（n=20）

Table 1 Basic information of experts（n=20）

表2 2轮咨询专家意见的肯德尔和谐系数及显著性检验结果

Table 2 Kendall concordant coefficient and significance test results of 2 rounds of expert opinions

表3 基于保护动机理论糖尿病视网膜病变患者的健康教育方案专家咨询结果

Table 3 Results of health education program inquiry for patients with diabetic retinopathy based on protection motivation theory

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