认知-预警干预对农村糖尿病治疗延误患者的效果研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.09.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨认知-预警干预对农村糖尿病治疗延误患者认知行为的干预效果,旨在增进其治疗依从性。方法 2019年10月—2020年1月便利选取黑龙江省大庆市大同区和河北省唐山市滦南县下属村的农村糖尿病治疗延误患者作为研究对象。按照随机数字表法选取试验组村和对照组村各6个,每组63例,试验组给予认知-预警干预,干预时间为2周,对照组给予常规的健康教育。通过一般情况调查表获得农村糖尿病治疗延误患者的一般人口学资料,使用农村糖尿病治疗延误认知行为量表、中文版Morisky服药依从性问卷及糖尿病管理自我效能量表评估干预前后认知行为、服药依从性和自我效能;通过采集静脉血收集空腹血糖水平。结果试验组和对照组最终各纳入60例,干预前两组的一般人口学资料、认知行为、服药依从性、糖尿病管理自我效能及空腹血糖水平均具有可比性。干预后试验组认知行为及服药依从性均高于对照组及干预前,差异均具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）;试验组干预后糖尿病管理自我效能高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组干预后空腹血糖水平优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论认知-预警干预可以提高农村糖尿病治疗延误患者的认知行为水平,有助于增加农村糖尿病治疗延误患者的规范治疗。

关键词: 认知-预警干预, 认知行为, 农村糖尿病治疗延误, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of cognition-early warning intervention on the cognitive behavior of patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas,in order to improve their treatment compliance. Methods Rural patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in Datong District,Daqing City,in Heilongjiang Province and Luannan County,Tangshan City,in Hebei Province were conveniently selected as the research subjects from October 2019 to January 2020. According to the random number table method,6 villages were divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 63 cases in each group. The experimental group was given the cognition-early warning intervention for 2 weeks,and the control group was given routine health education. The general demographic data of patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas were obtained through a general data questionnaire;the cognitive behavior scale of delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas,medication compliance questionnaire and diabetes management self-efficacy scale were used to evaluate the cognitive behavior,medication compliance and self-efficacy scores of subjects before and after intervention;fasting glucose results were collected by venous blood collection. Results A total of 60 samples were included in the experimental group and the control group respectively. Before intervention,general demographic data,cognitive scores,medication compliance scores and diabetes management self-efficacy scores were comparable between the 2 groups. After intervention,the cognitive behavioral scores and medication compliance scores of the experimental group were higher than these of the control group and these before intervention,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The scores of diabetes management self-efficacy in experimental group were higher than these of the control group,with statistical significance（P<0.05）. The self-efficacy score of diabetes management in experimental group was slightly higher than before intervention. Fasting blood glucose level in the experimental group was better than in the control group after intervention,with statistical significance（P<0.05）. Conclusion Cognition-early warning intervention can improve the cognitive and behavioral level of patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas,and contribute to the standardized treatment of patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas.

Key words: Cognition-Early Warning Intervention, Cognitive Behavior, Delayed Treatment of Diabetes in Rural Areas, Nursing Care

贾红红, 刘丽, 罗小茜, 周郁秋. 认知-预警干预对农村糖尿病治疗延误患者的效果研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(9): 1113-1119.

JIA Honghong, LIU Li, LUO Xiaoxi, ZHOU Yuqiu. Effects of cognition-early warning intervention on patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(9): 1113-1119.

图/表 6

表1 农村糖尿病治疗延误患者认知-预警干预方案

Table 1 Cognition-early warning intervention scheme for patients with delayed treatment of diabetes in rural areas

表2 两组一般资料比较[例（百分比,%）]

Table 2 Comparison of general data between the twogroups[cases（percentage,%）]

表3 两组干预前后认知行为水平比较（分,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of cognitive behavioral scores before and after intervention between two groups （scores,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表4 两组干预前后服药依从性的比较（分,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of medication compliance before and after intervention between two groups （scores,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表5 两组干预前后糖尿病管理自我效能得分比较（分,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 5 Comparison of diabetes management self-efficacy scores before and after intervention between two groups（scores,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表6 两组干预前后空腹血糖水平的比较（mmol/L,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 6 Comparison of fasting glucose levels before and after intercention between two groups（mmol/L,$\bar{x}\pm s$）

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