关键词: 术后恶心呕吐, 非药物管理, 证据总结, 穴位疗法, 芳香疗法, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To evaluate and summarize the best evidence for non-pharmacological management of postoperative nausea and vomiting,and to provide evidence for clinical nurses to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting. Methods We systematically searched for evidence on postoperative nausea and vomiting in databases such as UptoDate,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,CNKI,Website of Chinese Medical Association Anesthesia Branch,BMJ Best Practice,the Joanna Briggs Institute,Cochrane Library,etc. The retrieved evidence included clinical decision-making,guidelines,systematic reviews,etc. The search time limit is from the establishment of the databases to December 31,2020. There were 2 researchers evaluating the quality of the literature and extracting the data. Results A total of 20 articles were included in this study,including 1 clinical decision,3 guidelines,and 16 systematic reviews. Finally,8 pieces of evidence were summarized from 4 aspects,including risk assessment,routine management,non-pharmacological interventions,and cost-benefit analysis. Conclusion Our research summed the best evidence on the risk assessment and non-pharmacological management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. In the actual clinical application,it is necessary to fully consider the clinical situation,combine the judgment of professionals and the wishes of patients,follow the principle of individualization,analyze the obstacles and facilitating factors of the application of evidence,and apply the evidence to the clinical practice prudently.

Key words: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Non-Pharmacological Management, Evidence Summary, Stimulation of Acupuncture Point, Aromatherapy Treatment, Evdence-Based Nursing