多组分运动对改善腹膜透析合并肌少症患者躯体功能与生活质量的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.19.010

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (19): 2661-2668.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.19.010

多组分运动对改善腹膜透析合并肌少症患者躯体功能与生活质量的影响

李丽娇(), 贾依娜西·阿扎提, 吴亚琴, 谭一香, 池萍萍, 张庆庆^*()

新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院肾病科乌鲁木齐 830000

收稿日期:2026-01-21 出版日期:2026-10-10 发布日期:2026-09-28
*通讯作者: 张庆庆，E-mail：616161999@qq.com
作者简介:李丽娇：女，本科，主管护师，E-mail：303531336@qq.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
李丽娇：研究设计、方案构建、研究实施、论文撰写、论文审阅与修改、统计学分析；贾依娜西·阿扎提：研究实施、论文撰写、研究指导；吴亚琴：研究实施、统计学分析、资料收集与整理；谭一香：研究实施、资料收集与整理；池萍萍：研究实施、数据资料收集与整理；张庆庆：基金支持、研究指导、论文审阅与修改
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2021D01C143)

Effect of multicomponent exercise on improving physical function and quality of life in patients with peritoneal dialysis complicated by sarcopenia

LI Lijiao(), JIA Yinaxi Azhati, WU Yaqin, TAN Yixiang, CHI Pingping, ZHANG Qingqing^*()

Department of Nephrology， People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， Urumqi 830000， China

Received:2026-01-21 Online:2026-10-10 Published:2026-09-28
* Corresponding author: ZHANG Qingqing，E-mail：616161999@qq.com
Funding program:
Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021D01C143)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究多组分运动在腹膜透析合并肌少症患者中的治疗效果，为改善其躯体功能和生活质量提供参考。方法便利选取2025年1—8月于新疆某三级甲等综合医院肾内科规律随访的122例腹膜透析患者为研究对象，随机分为试验组（n=61）和对照组（n=61）。试验组在常规诊疗基础上，进行为期12周的多组分运动干预，对照组仅接受常规治疗及护理。比较干预前后两组骨骼肌质量指数、握力、躯体功能、血清白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α水平、生活质量及患者满意度的差异。结果最终试验组纳入60例，对照组纳入59例。干预后，试验组骨骼肌质量指数、握力、躯体功能评分、生活质量评分较干预前提升，且优于对照组同期水平（均P<0.05）；血清白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α水平较干预前下降，且低于对照组（均P<0.001）；试验组满意度优于对照组同期水平（P=0.004）。结论实施多组分运动能有效改善腹膜透析合并肌少症患者的肌肉质量与力量、增强躯体功能、减轻微炎症状态，并提高其生活质量和满意度。

关键词: 肌少症, 腹膜透析, 多组分运动, 日常生活活动, 营养状况, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of multicomponent exercise in patients with peritoneal dialysis（PD） complicated by sarcopenia，further clarify its improvement on patients’ muscle function，inflammatory expression，and quality of life，and thereby providing relevant diagnostic and therapeutic basis for non-pharmacological rehabilitation intervention programs for such patients in clinical practice. Methods A total of 122 peritoneal dialysis patients who were regularly followed up in the Department of Nephrology of a tertiary Grade A hospital in Xinjiang from January to August 2025 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into a control group （n=61） and an experimental group（n=61）. The experimental group received a 12-week multicomponent exercise intervention based on conventional diagnosis and treatment，while the control group only underwent conventional treatment and nursing care. Indicators including appendicular skeletal muscle mass index（ASMI），grip strength，physical function，serum levels of interleukin-6（IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-alpha（TNF-α） were measured before and after the intervention. The Kidney Disease Quality of Life Scale was used to evaluate patients’ quality of life. Results This study included 60 cases in the experimental group and 59 cases in the control group. Compared with the control group，after 12 weeks of intervention，the experimental group showed significant improvements from baseline in ASMI，grip strength，physical function score，and quality of life score，which were also significantly better than those of the control group at the same period（all P<0.05）. Serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels were significantly decreased from baseline and also significantly lower than those of the control group（all P<0.001）. Patient satisfac-tion in the experimental group was superior to that in the control group at the same period（P=0.004）. Conclusion Multicomponent exercise can effectively improve muscle mass and strength，enhance physical function，alleviate microinflammation，and improve quality of life and satisfaction in patients with peritoneal dialysis complicated by sarcopenia.

Key words: Sarcopenia, Peritoneal Dialysis, Multicomponent Exercise, Activities of Daily Living, Nutritional Status, Nursing Care

李丽娇, 贾依娜西·阿扎提, 吴亚琴, 谭一香, 池萍萍, 张庆庆. 多组分运动对改善腹膜透析合并肌少症患者躯体功能与生活质量的影响[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(19): 2661-2668.

LI Lijiao, JIA Yinaxi Azhati, WU Yaqin, TAN Yixiang, CHI Pingping, ZHANG Qingqing. Effect of multicomponent exercise on improving physical function and quality of life in patients with peritoneal dialysis complicated by sarcopenia[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(19): 2661-2668.

图/表 5

表1 两组一般资料的比较

Table 1 Comparison of general data between 2 groups

表2 两组干预前后肌少症相关指标的比较（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 2 Comparison of sarcopenia-related indicators before and after intervention in 2 groups（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表3 两组干预前后炎症指标的比较（pg/mL，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of inflammatory indicators before and after intervention in 2 groups（pg/mL，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表4 两组干预前后生活质量得分的比较（分，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of quality of life scores before and after intervention in 2 groups（score，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表5 两组干预后患者满意度的比较[例（百分比，%）]

Table 5 Comparison of satisfaction levels of 2 groups of patients after intervention[case（percentage，%）]

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多组分运动对改善腹膜透析合并肌少症患者躯体功能与生活质量的影响

Effect of multicomponent exercise on improving physical function and quality of life in patients with peritoneal dialysis complicated by sarcopenia

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