育龄期乳腺癌化疗相关性闭经患者及其配偶二元应对体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.17.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的深入探讨育龄期乳腺癌患者及其配偶面对化疗相关性闭经的二元应对体验，为构建二元应对护理干预方案提供依据。方法采用现象学研究范式，通过目的抽样方法，选取2025年10—12月在武汉市某三级甲等肿瘤专科医院就诊的15对育龄期乳腺癌患者及其配偶作为研究对象，基于发展背景应对模型制订访谈提纲，进行面对面的半结构式访谈，通过Colaizzi 7步分析法分析原始资料，提炼主题。结果共提炼出3个主题和12个亚主题，包括二元应对的身心症状体验（躯体症状体验、心理症状体验）、二元应对的模式与影响因素（应对模式为独立隔离应对、赋权应对、共同应对，影响因素为压力感知不同步、压力认知错位、缺乏专业支持、积极共情能力、家庭与社会支持）、二元应对的分化性适应结局（适应性的关系升华、非适应性的关系疏离）。结论育龄期乳腺癌化疗相关性闭经患者及配偶二元应对体验具有多维性特征和多样化需求。在临床实践中，医护人员应全面评估与早期识别夫妇双方的应对体验与需求，结合个体差异性实施针对性的健康教育与心理支持，促进患者及其配偶良好的压力适应。

关键词: 育龄期, 乳腺癌, 化疗相关性闭经, 配偶, 二元应对, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To deeply explore the dyadic coping experiences of reproductive-aged breast cancer patients and their spouses in the face of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea，and to provide a basis for developing dyadic coping nursing intervention programs. Methods Adoping a phenomenological research paradigm and purposive sampling，15 pairs of reproductive-aged breast cancer patients and their spouses treated at a tertiary cancer specialist hospital in Wuhan from October to December 2025 were enrolled as participants. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted based on the Developmental-Contextual Coping Model. Data were analyzed using the seven-step Colaizzi analytical approach. Results A total of 3 themes and 12 subthemes were extracted，including the physical and psychological symptom experience in dyadic coping（physical symptoms，psychological symptoms），dyadic coping patterns（independent coping，empowerment-based coping，joint coping） and influencing factors（asynchronous stress perception，dislocated stress cognition，insufficient professional support，positive empathic ability，family and social support），as well as differentiated adaptation outcomes of dyadic coping （adaptive relationship enhancement，maladaptive relationship alienation）. Conclusion The dyadic coping experiences of reproductive-aged breast cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea and their spouses exhibit multidimensional characteristics and needs. In clinical practice，healthcare providers should comprehensively assess and promptly identify the experiences and coping needs of both partners，and implement targeted dyadic health education and psychological support tailored to individual differences，thereby facilitating positive stress adaptation for both patients and their spouses.

Key words: Child-Bearing Age, Breast Cancer, Chemotherapy Induced Amenorrhea, Spouses, Dyadic Coping, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

郭桂, 林犀, 凃莹. 育龄期乳腺癌化疗相关性闭经患者及其配偶二元应对体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(17): 2390-2396.

GUO Gui, LIN Xi, TU Ying. A qualitative study on the dyadic coping experiences of breast cancer patients of childbearing age with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea and their spouses[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(17): 2390-2396.

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