养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.21.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的编制养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表并进行信效度检验。方法通过文献分析、半结构式访谈、专家函询形成量表初稿。于2023年12月—2024年3月便利选取四川省、重庆市9所养老机构的525例失能老年人为调查对象，对量表进行项目分析和信效度检验；并于2周后对30例失能老年人进行再次调查，计算量表的重测信度。结果形成的量表包括4个维度、27个条目。探索性因子分析提取了4个公因子，累计方差贡献率为65.992%；验证性因子分析显示，修正后模型拟合指数均在可接受范围内。条目水平的内容效度指数为0.917~1.000，量表水平的内容效度指数为0.997。量表总的Cronbach’s α系数为0.944，重测信度为0.997，折半信度为0.882。结论养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表信效度良好，可用于评估养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力。

关键词: 失能老年人, 主动健康, 养老机构, 量表, 信度, 效度, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To develop the assessment scale of proactive health behavior ability for the disabled elderly in nursing homes and to test its reliability and validity. Methods The first draft of the scale was formed by literature review，qualitative interviews and Delphi method. From December 2023 to March 2024，525 disabled elderly people from 9 nursing homes in Sichuan Province and Chongqing City were selected as the survey subjects，and item analysis and reliability and validity test were carried out on the scale. 30 disabled elderly people were re-investigated after 2 weeks to calculate the retest reliability of the scale. Results The scale consisted of 4 dimensions and 27 items. Exploratory factor analysis extracted 4 common factors，with the cumulative variance contribution rate of 65.992%，and confirmatory factor analysis showed that the modified model fitting index was within acceptable range. The content validity index at item level was 0.917-1.000，and that at scale level was 0.997. The Cronbach’s α coefficient，test-retest reliability and split-half reliability of the total scale were 0.944，0.997 and 0.882，respectively. Conclusion The scale has good reliability and validity，and it can be used to evaluate the proactive health behavior ability of the disabled elderly in nursing homes.

Key words: Disabled Elderly, Proactive Health, Nursing Home, Scale, Reliability, Validity, Nursing Care

欧洋利, 廖晓艳, 彭颖, 张虹, 殷少华, 陈黎玉, 熊雪, 喻秀丽, 童立纺, 谢燕, 霍丹, 沈军. 养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(21): 2579-2585.

OU Yangli, LIAO Xiaoyan, PENG Ying, ZHANG Hong, YIN Shaohua, CHEN Liyu, XIONG Xue, YU Xiuli, TONG Lifang, XIE Yan, HUO Dan, SHEN Jun. Development and validation of an Assessment Scale of Proactive Health Behavior Ability for the Disabled Elderly in Nursing Homes[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(21): 2579-2585.

图/表 2

表1 养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表的探索性因子分析结果（n=283）

Table 1 Exploratory factor analysis results of the proactive health behavior assessment scale for the disabled elderly in nursing homes（n=283）

表2 养老机构失能老年人主动健康行为能力评估量表整体和各维度的信度（n=283）

Table 2 Reliability test of the proactive health behavior assessment scale for the disabled elderly in nursing homes（n=283）

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