关键词: 糖尿病足溃疡, 时机理论, 照护者, 照护困境, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the dynamics of carers’ caregiving dilemmas during different stages of disease progression in patients with diabetic foot ulcers，and to provide a basis for giving precise intervention strategies. Methods Based on the theory of Timing It Right，the phenomenological study was adopted. A purposive sampling method was used to select carers of patients with diabetic foot ulcers who were hospitalised in the Wound Repair Unit of a tertiary hospital in Beijing from March 2023 to February 2024 to conduct semi-structured interviews，and the data were analysed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method. Results Combined with the theory of Timing It Right，5 stages of diabetic foot ulcer development were formed，and 5 themes were extracted（①diagnostic period：mixed emotions，facing the dilemma of being unable to do anything；②therapeutic period：lack of knowledge of the disease，and the difficulties of bedside care；③recovery period：contradictions of the desire for rapid healing and the lack of caregiving ability；④transition period：poor patient adherence，and the hope for professional support；⑤adaptation period：the accumulation of negative emotions，and the persistence of caregiving difficulties），and 12 sub-themes. Conclusion At different stages of disease development in patients with diabetic foot ulcers，the caregiving dilemma of caregivers changes dynamically，and healthcare professionals should provide professional，personalised，and high-quality professional support according to their caregiving experience and needs at different stages to improve their quality of care and promote patients’ recovery.

Key words: Diabetic Foot Ulcers, Timing It Right, Carers, Caregiving Dilemmas, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care