儿科护士情绪劳动的现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.17.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解儿科护士情绪劳动的现状及影响因素，为改善其情绪劳动提供依据。方法 2022年7月，选取苏州市8所医院的520名儿科护士作为调查对象，以资源保存理论为指导，采用一般资料调查表、护士情绪劳动量表、精神气候简式量表、护理工作环境量表进行横断面调查，采用多元线性回归分析儿科护士情绪劳动的影响因素。结果回收443份有效问卷。护士情绪劳动量表得分为[64.00（60.00，68.00）]分，专业化的情绪调控、以患者为中心的情绪抑制、规范化的情绪扮演维度得分分别为[30.00（28.00，34.00）]、[20.00（18.00，21.00）]、[14.00（12.00，15.00）]分。多元线性回归分析结果显示，总的工作时间、层级、护理工作环境和精神气候是影响儿科护士情绪劳动的主要因素（P<0.001）。结论儿科护士的情绪劳动处于中上水平，护理管理者应关注其情绪劳动水平，合理设置工作要求，优化护理工作环境，营造良好的工作氛围。

关键词: 情绪劳动, 护士, 资源保存理论, 影响因素分析, 护理管理研究, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of the emotional labor of pediatric nurses，so as to provide references for improving their emotional labor. Methods Totally 520 pediatric nurses were selected from 8 hospitals in Suzhou in July 2022. Under the guidance of the Conservation of Resources Theory，they were investigated with the general information questionnaire，Emotional Labor Scale for Nurses，Spiritual Climate Scale and Nursing Work Environment Scale. Multiple linear regression was performed to analyze the factors affecting the emotional labor. Results 443 valid questionnaires were collected. The score of the Emotional Labor Scale was[64.00（60.00，68.00）]，and the scores for emotional control effort in profession，patient-focused emotional suppression and emotional pretense by norms were[30.00（28.00，34.00）]，[20.00（18.00，21.00）] and [14.00（12.00， 15.00）]. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that total working time，work title，nursing work environment and spiritual climate were the main influencing factors of each dimension of the emotional labor（P<0.001）. Conclusion The emotional labor of pediatric nurses is at an upper-middle level. The nursing managers should pay attention to the emotional labor of pediatric nurses，optimize the nursing work environment and create good working atmosphere.

Key words: Emotional Labor, Nurses, Conservation of Resources Theory, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Administration Research, Pediatric Nursing

郭宏卿, 严萌玮, 李静, 孙丽华, 谢安慰. 儿科护士情绪劳动的现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(17): 2134-2141.

GUO Hongqing, YAN Mengwei, LI Jing, SUN Lihua, XIE Anwei. Current situation of the emotional labor in pediatric nurses and its influencing factors analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(17): 2134-2141.

图/表 4

表1 儿科护士的一般资料及情绪劳动的单因素分析（n=443）

Table 1 The general demographic data and the univariate analysis of pediatric nurse（n=443）

表2 儿科护士情绪劳动与护理工作环境、精神气候的相关性分析（r值，n=443）

Table 2 Correlation between the Scale of Emotional Labor for Nurses，Spiritual Climate Scale and Nursing Work Environment Scale（r value，n=443）

表3 自变量赋值方式

Table 3 Assignment of Independent Variables

表4 儿科护士情绪劳动的多元线性回归分析

Table 4 Multiple regression analysis of predictors of emotional labor of pediatric nurse

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