首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险现况及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.03.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险现况，并分析其影响因素。方法基于三元影响理论，采用便利抽样法，于2021年12月—2022年4月选取在陕西省西安市和咸阳市2所三级甲等综合医院神经内科门诊复查的236例首发缺血性脑卒中患者为调查对象。采用一般资料问卷、脑卒中患者复发风险感知评估量表、脑卒中患者健康素养量表、患者沟通模式量表、卒中环境量表进行问卷调查。结果 236例首发缺血性脑卒中患者复发风险感知评估量表得分为（31.89±7.66）分。多元线性回归分析结果表明，文化程度、确诊时间、缺血性脑卒中复发危险因素数量、缺血性脑卒中家族史、健康素养、医（护）患沟通模式、环境体验是首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险能力处于中等偏下水平，可针对不同特征患者进行个体化干预，促进患者感知复发风险能力的提升和预防行为的形成。

关键词: 缺血性脑卒中, 感知复发风险, 影响因素分析, 横断面研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of recurrence risk perception in first-episode ischemic stroke patients，and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Based on the theory of triadic influence，a convenience sampling method was used to select 236 patients with first-episode ischemic stroke who were reexamined in neurology outpatient clinics of 2 tertiary general hospitals in Xi’an and Xianyang，Shaanxi Province from December 2021 to April 2022 as the research subjects. General Information Questionnaire，Recurrence Risk Perception Scale for Patients with Stroke，Health Literacy Scale for Stroke Patients，Patient Communication Pattern Scale and Measure of Stroke Environment were used to investigate the patients. Results The total score of Recurrence Risk Perception Scale for Patients with Stroke in 236 patients with first-episode ischemic stroke was（31.89±7.66） points. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that educational level，time of diagnosis，number of risk factors for ischemic stroke recurrence，family history of ischemic stroke，health literacy，doctor（nurse）-patient communication pattern，and environmental experience were the influencing factors of recurrence risk perception in first-episode ischemic stroke patients（P<0.05）. Conclusion The ability to perceive recurrence risk in first-episode ischemic stroke patients is at a moderately low level. Individualized interventions can be carried out for patients with different characteristics to promote the patients’ ability to perceive recurrence risk and the formation of preventive behaviors.

Key words: Ischemic Stroke, Recurrence Risk Perception, Root Cause Analysis, Cross-sectional Studies, Nursing Care

唐宝丽, 吕玉华, 王线妮, 徐萍, 曹静, 谢明, 王亮亮, 常婷. 首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险现况及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(3): 289-295.

TANG Baoli, LÜ Yuhua, WANG Xianni, XU Ping, CAO Jing, XIE Ming, WANG Liangliang, CHANG Ting. Analysis of status and influencing factors of recurrence risk perception in first-episode ischemic stroke patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(3): 289-295.

图/表 4

表1 首发缺血性脑卒中患者的一般资料及感知复发风险影响因素的单因素分析结果（n=236）

Table 1 Results of the general data of subjects and univariate analysis of recurrence risk perception for first-episode ischemic stroke patients（n=236）

表2 首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险与健康素养、医（护）患沟通模式、环境体验的相关性分析结果（n=236，r值）

Table 2 Results of correlation analysis of recurrence risk perception, health literacy, doctor（nurse）-patient communication pattern, and environmental experience score in first-episode ischemic stroke patients（n=236，r value）

表3 自变量赋值方式

Table 3 Independent variable assignment

表4 首发缺血性脑卒中患者感知复发风险影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果（n=236）

Table 4 Results of multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors of recurrence risk perception in first-episode ischemic stroke patients（n=236）

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