新毕业护士工作准备度的研究进展

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2021.02.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

工作准备度直接影响新毕业护士从毕业生到临床护士的转变,被视为毕业生工作表现、晋升和职业发展潜力的指标。该文对新毕业护士工作准备度的概念、构成要素、评估工具进行综述,并对新毕业护士工作准备度的影响因素及提高工作准备度的措施进行介绍,旨在提高护理管理者对新毕业护士工作准备度的重视程度,培养和留住更多护理专业人才,为开展相关研究提供参考。

关键词: 新毕业护士, 工作准备度, 临床能力, 综述

Abstract:

The transition from university to workplace is a challenge for newly graduated nurses. Work readiness has a direct impact on the transition of them from graduates to clinical nurses,and it is also considered as an indicator of the potential on their job performance,promotion and career advancement. In this review,the concept,components and evaluation tools of work readiness of newly graduated nurses are synthesized,and the influencing factors of their work readiness and the measures to improve it are introduced,in order to enhance the attention and understanding of nursing managers to the work readiness,to train and retain more professional registered nurses,and to provide references for related research.

Key words: Newly Graduated Nurses, Work Readiness, Clinical Competence, Review

贺丽芳, 黄红玉, 李春艳, 李小英. 新毕业护士工作准备度的研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(2): 305-309.

HE Lifang, HUANG Hongyu, LI Chunyan, LI Xiaoying. Work readiness of newly graduated nurses：a review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021, 56(2): 305-309.

图/表 1

参考文献 31

[1]	张含凤, 李秋洁, 吕冬梅 . 新毕业护士角色转变的研究进展[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2011,46(11):1142-1145.
	Zhang HF, Li QJ, Lu DM . Role transition of new graduated nurses:a literature review[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2011,46(11):1142-1145.
[2]	Walker A, Yong M, Pang L , et al. Work readiness of graduate health professionals[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2013,33(2):116-122.
[3]	焦静, 徐克珮, 应巧燕 , 等. 新护士规范化培训效果评估体系的构建[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2019,54(9):1285-1290.
	Jiao J, Xu KP, Ying QY , et al. Construction of the evaluation system for the effects of standardized training of new nurses[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2019,54(9):1285-1290.
[4]	曹梅娟, 蔡婷婷, 裘奕嘉 . 组织社会化培训对新护士角色适应的效果评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2018,53(11):1372-1376.
	Cao MJ, Cai TT, Qiu YJ . Application of role adaptation program for newly graduated nurses based on organizational socialization[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2018,53(11):1372-1376.
[5]	Walker A, Storey KM, Costa BM , et al. Refinement and validation of the Work Readiness Scale for graduate nurses[J]. Nurs Outlook, 2015,63(6):632-638.
[6]	Walker A, Campbell K . Work readiness of graduate nurses and the impact on job satisfaction,work engagement and intention to remain[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2013,33(12):1490-1495.
[7]	Kavanagh JM, Szweda C . A crisis in competency:the strategic and ethical imperative to assessing new graduate nurses’ clinical reasoning[J]. Nurs Educ Perspect, 2017,38(2):57-62.
[8]	Berkow S, Virkstis K, Stewart J , et al. Assessing new graduate nurse performance[J]. J Nurs Adm, 2008,38(11):468-474.
[9]	Hickey MT . Preceptor perceptions of new graduate nurse readiness for practice[J]. J Nurses Staff Dev, 2009,25(1):35-41.
[10]	Wolff AC, Pesut B, Regan S . New graduate nurse practice rea-diness:perspectives on the context shaping our understanding and expectations[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2010,30(2):187-191.
[11]	Lofmark A, Smide B, Wikblad K . Competence of newly-graduated nurses:a comparison of the perceptions of qualified nurses and students[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2006,53(6):721-728.
[12]	Ellerton ML, Gregor F . A study of transition:the new nurse graduate at 3 months[J]. J Contin Educ Nurs, 2003,34(3):103-137.
[13]	Romyn DM, Linton N, Giblin C , et al. Successful transition of the new graduate nurse[J]. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh, 2009,6:34.
[14]	Caballero CL, Walker A . Work readiness in graduate recruitment and selection:a review of current assessment methods[J]. J Teach Learn Grad Empl, 2010,1(1):13.
[15]	Wolff AC, Regan S, Pesut B , et al. Ready for what? An exploration of the meaning of new graduate nurses’ readiness for practice[J]. Int J Nurs Educ Scholarsh, 2010,7(1):468-474.
[16]	丁炎明, 吴欣娟, 刘飞 , 等. 三级综合医院新护士规范化培训的现状调查[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020,55(3):331-336.
	Ding YM, Wu XJ, Liu F , et al. Investigation on the status of standardized training for new nurses in tertiary general hospitals in China[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2020,55(3):331-336.
[17]	Harrison H, Birks M, Franklin R , et al. An assessment continuum:how healthcare professionals define and determine practice readiness of newly graduated registered nurses[J]. Collegian, 2020,27(2):198-206.
[18]	Caballero CL, Walker A, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M . The Work Rea-diness Scale(WRS):developing a measure to assess work read-iness in college graduates[J]. J Teach Learn Graduate Employab, 2011,2(1):41.
[19]	Syed Aznal SS, Nadarajah VDV, Kwa SK , et al. Validation of a ‘Work Readiness Scale’ for health professional(HP) graduates[J]. Med Teach, 2019: 1-6.
[20]	Li JY, Gong YC, Chen JY , et al. Psychometric properties assessment of Chinese version of work readiness scale for gra-duate nurses(WRS-GN) and associated factors of work readiness:two cross-sectional studies[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2020,89:104416.
[21]	Prikshat V, Kumar S, Nankervis A . Work-readiness integrated competence model[J]. Educ Train, 2019,61(5):568-589.
[22]	Phillips C, Kenny A, Smith C , et al. Pre-registration paid employment choice:the views of newly qualified nurses[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2012,32(1):10-14.
[23]	Bowdoin C . Thinking like a nurse and perceived readiness for professional practice:a mixed methods study[M]. Mercer:Mer-cer University, 2014.
[24]	Watt E, Pascoe E . An exploration of graduate nurses’ perceptions of their preparedness for practice after undertaking the final year of their bachelor of nursing degree in a university-based clinical school of nursing[J]. Int J Nurs Pract, 2013,19(1):23-30.
[25]	El Haddad M, Moxham L, Broadbent M . Graduate nurse practice readiness:a conceptual understanding of an age old debate[J]. Collegian, 2017,24(4):391-396.
[26]	Harrison H, Birks M, Franklin RC , et al. Fostering graduate nurse practice readiness in context[J]. Collegian, 2020,27(1):115-124.
[27]	Edward KL, Ousey K, Playle J , et al. Are new nurses work ready-the impact of preceptorship. An integrative systematic review[J]. J Prof Nurs, 2017,33(5):326-333.
[28]	Mirza N, Manankil-Rankin L, Prentice D , et al. Practice readiness of new nursing graduates:a concept analysis[J]. Nurse Educ Pract, 2019,37:68-74.
[29]	Patterson EEB, Boyd L, Mnatzaganian G . The impact of undergraduate clinical teaching models on the perceptions of work-readiness among new graduate nurses:a cross sectional study[J]. Nurse Educ Today, 2017,55:101-106.
[30]	Moore P, Cagle CS . The lived experience of new nurses:importance of the clinical preceptor[J]. J Contin Educ Nurs, 2012,43(12):555-565.
[31]	Blegen MA, Spector N, Ulrich BT , et al. Preceptor support in hospital transition to practice programs[J]. J Nurs Adm, 2015,45(12):642-649.