山东省三级医院护士执业环境调查

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2020.11.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解山东省三级医院护士执业环境现状,为改善及构建健康的护士执业环境提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,于2018年3月—12月采用护士执业环境测评量表对山东省59所三级医院共56 776名护士进行调查。结果调查对象的护士执业环境测评量表总均分为（79.20±19.15）分,其中“医院对新入职护士有系统培训”“工作团队中的护士能够胜任护理工作”等条目的得分较高。“医院的薪酬分配制度合理”“护士薪酬在社会各行业所处水平合理”等条目得分较低。多元线性回归分析显示,性别、年龄、学历、职称、工作年限、是否为事业编制均对护士执业环境测评量表得分有影响（P<0.05）。结论山东省护士执业环境总体水平尚可,但仍需持续改善。护理管理者应建立、健全授权管理机制,鼓励护士积极参与医院事务,关注男护士和中等年资护士职业发展,以持续改进和优化护士执业环境。

关键词: 护士, 执业环境, 问卷调查, 影响因素分析, 护理管理研究

Abstract:

Objective To investigate nurses practice environment in tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province,which can provide a basis for the improvement and construction of a healthy nurse practice environment. Methods The convenience sampling method was used to investigate 56 776 nurses from 59 tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province by the Nursing Work Index-Revised（NWIR） from March to December 2018. Results The mean score of NWIR was 79.20±19.15. The items of “the hospital has a systematic training program for newly recruited nurses”,“nurses in the work team are qualified for nursing work” received the highest scores. The items of “the system of salary allotment is reasonable in hospital”,“the level of salary of nurses is reasonable in all sectors of the society”,“nurses have opportunities to participate in hospital internal management”,“nurses have opportunities to become members in the hospital management committee” and “nurses have opportunities to participate in hospital management decisions making” got the lowest scores. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,age,education,professional title,years of work,whether being recruited by government agencies had an impact on the nursing practice environment scores（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nurses practice environment in tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province is generally optimistic,but it still requires continuous improvement. The nursing managers and experts should focus on the establishment and improvement of the authorization management mechanism,encourage nurses to actively engage in hospital affairs,and give much attention to the career development of male nurses and medium seniority nurses,so as to continuously improve and optimize the nursing practice environment.

Key words: Nurse, Practice Environment, Questionnaires, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Administration Research

张晓曼,马昕璐,刘玉杰,李振香. 山东省三级医院护士执业环境调查[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(11): 1680-1684.

ZHANG Xiaoman,MA Xinlu,LIU Yujie,LI Zhenxiang. Investigation on nurses practice environment in tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2020, 55(11): 1680-1684.

图/表 4

表1 调查对象的一般资料和护士执业环境单因素分析结果（n=56776）

Table 1 The general data of the subjects and the results ofunivariate analysis of nurses working environment（n=56776）

表2 护士执业环境测评量表得分前5位条目（n=56 776）

Table 2 Top 5 items of nurses’ working environment evaluation score（n=56 776）

表3 护士执业环境测评量表得分后5位条目（n=56 776）

Table 3 The last five items of nurses’ workingenvironment evaluation score（n=56 776）

表4 护士执业环境多元线性回归分析结果（n=56 776）

Table 4 Results of multiple linear regression analysis on nurses’ working environment（n=56 776）

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