关注和解释疗法在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2020.02.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨关注和解释疗法对胃肠道肿瘤患者心理弹性水平和焦虑抑郁的改善效果。方法选择宁夏回族自治区某三级甲等医院住院的胃肠道肿瘤患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组各47例,两组均进行常规健康教育,试验组在此基础上,接受10周的关注和解释疗法,对照组接受渐近式肌肉放松训练。干预10周后,采用自制的患者训练依从性评价表测评;干预前、干预10周后及干预完成后3个月,采用心理弹性量表、焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表对干预效果进行评定。结果干预10周后,试验组训练依从性、心理弹性量表得分、焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表得分与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。重复测量方差分析结果显示,心理弹性量表总分及各维度得分的时间效应、组间效应及时间与组间的交互效应均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表总分的时间效应、组间效应及时间与组间的交互效应均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论关注和解释疗法在一定程度上能有效提高胃肠道肿瘤患者的心理弹性水平,减轻焦虑抑郁情绪。

关键词: 关注, 解释疗法, 胃肠道, 肿瘤, 心理护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore and evaluate the effects of attention and interpretation therapy on resilience and anxiety and depression for patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods Totally 94 cases of gastrointestinal cancer patients from a tertiary hospital in Ningxia were assigned into the experimental group（n=47） and the control group（n=47）,and 2 groups of patients were both given routine nursing. On the basis of this,the experimental group was given attention and interpretation therapy for 10 weeks,the control group was given progress relaxation exercises. At the end of the intervention,patients were assessed with the self-made patient training compliance scale. Before intervention,at the end of intervention and 3 months after intervention,the effects were evaluated by CD-RISC,SAS and CMQ. Results The training compliance of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group（P<0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the score of resilience,anxiety and depression between 2 groups （P<0.05）. There was statistical significance between the score of each dimension of the resilience scale and the total score of it in the 2 groups（P<0.05）. The time effect,treatment effect and the interactive effect of time and treatment in the total score of CD-RISC and its each dimension were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The total score of anxiety and depression was significantly different between the two groups（P<0.05）. The time effect,treatment effect and the interactive effect of time and treatment in the total score of anxiety and depression had statistical significance（P<0.05）. Conclusion Attention and interpretation therapy can effectively improve the resilience level of patients with gastrointestinal cancer and alleviate anxiety and depression.

Key words: Attention, Interpretation Therapy, Gastrointestinal Tract, Neoplasms, PSYCHOLOGICAL NURSING

陈玉梅, 姚辉, 闫树英, 张慧, 张华, 刘艳芬, 赵丽丽, 赵海燕, 马春艳. 关注和解释疗法在胃肠道肿瘤患者中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(2): 250-256.

CHEN Yumei, YAO Hui, YAN Shuying, ZHANG Hui, ZHANG Hua, LIU Yanfen, ZHAO Lili, ZHAO Haiyan, MA Chunyan. A study on effects of attention and interpretation therapy for patients with gastrointestinal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2020, 55(2): 250-256.

图/表 4

表1 关注和解释疗法干预内容

表2 两组一般资料比较[例（百分比,%）]

表3 两组干预前后心理弹性量表总分及各维度得分比较（分,$\bar{x}$±s）

表4 两组干预前后焦虑、抑郁自评量表得分比较（分,$\bar{x}$±s）

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