山东省护士亚健康评定量表常模的构建

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2023.21.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的建立山东省护士群体的亚健康评定量表常模，为了解护士亚健康现状提供依据，为护士健康促进策略的构建提供参考。方法于2020年12月—2023年2月，便利选取加入山东省护士健康队列项目的23所公立三级综合医院的14 308名护士作为调查对象，使用亚健康评定量表评估其亚健康状况，通过建立均数、分类、百分位及划界常模构建山东省护士群体的亚健康评定量表常模。结果最终10 669名护士纳入分析。山东省护士亚健康评定量表总分为（61.13±12.40）分，生理亚健康子量表得分为（58.35±11.86）分，心理亚健康子量表得分为（62.56±15.85）分，社会亚健康子量表得分为（63.56±16.73）分。以性别和年龄建立亚健康评定量表均数常模；通过单因素分析结果，选取有差异的特征，即性别、年龄、婚姻状况、科室类型、工作年限、职称类型与聘任类型建立分类常模；选取P₅、P₂₅、P₅₀、P₇₅、P₉₅ 5个节点建立百分位常模；以（$\bar{x}$-s）、（$\bar{x}$-0.5s）、（$\bar{x}$+0.5s）、（$\bar{x}$+s）为界点建立总体亚健康及其子量表的划界常模，将亚健康评定量表得分划分为疾病、重度亚健康、中度亚健康、轻度亚健康、健康5种状态。结论该研究建立了山东省护士群体的亚健康评定量表常模，为有效评估和识别护士的亚健康状况提供了理论依据。

关键词: 护士, 亚健康评定量表, 常模

Abstract:

Objective To establish the norm of Sub-Health Measurement Scale for nurses in Shandong Province，so as to provide a basis for understanding the current situation of sub-health and provide a reference for promoting the health of nurses. Methods From December 2020 to February 2023，14，308 nurses from 23 public tertiary hospitals enrolled in the Nurse Health Cohort Study in Shandong Province were selected as participants by convenience sampling. The sub-health status was assessed by the Sub-Health Measurement Scale，and the sub-health norm of nurses was constructed by establishing the mean，percentile and demarcation norm. Results A total of 10669 nurses were included in the analysis. The total score of Sub-Health Measurement Scale of nurses in Shandong Province was（61.13±12.40），and the scores of physiological sub-health sub-scale，psychological sub-health sub-scale and social sub-health sub-scale were（58.35±11.86），（62.56±15.85） and（63.56±16.73），respectively. The mean norm of sub-health assessment scale was established by gender and age. Based on th. Results of univariate analysis，we selected the characteristics with differences，namely gender，age，marital status，working department，years of working，professional title and employment type to establish a classification norm. P₅，P₂₅，P₅₀，P₇₅ and P₉₅ were select to establish percentile norm. Taking（$\bar{x}$-s），（$\bar{x}$-0.5s），（$\bar{x}$+0.5s），（$\bar{x}$+s）as the cut-off points，the demarcation norm of the Sub-Health Measurement Scale and sub-scales was established，which was divided into 5 categories，including disease，severe sub-health，moderate sub-health，mild sub-health and healthy states. Conclusion This study established the Sub-Health Measurement Scale norm of nurses，which provided a basis for effectively evaluating and identifying the sub-health status of nurses.

Key words: Nurses, Sub-Health Measurement Scale, Norm

吕晓燕, 曹英娟, 桑少伟, 李蓉, 李黎, 薛付忠, 杜静. 山东省护士亚健康评定量表常模的构建[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2023, 58(21): 2637-2644.

LÜ Xiaoyan, CAO Yingjuan, SANG Shaowei, LI Rong, LI Li, XUE Fuzhong, DU Jing. Norm construction of Sub-Health Measurement Scale for nurses in Shandong Province[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2023, 58(21): 2637-2644.

图/表 7

表1 调查对象的一般资料（n=10 669）

Table 1 General information about the respondents（n=10 669）

表2 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的均数常模（分，$\bar{x}$±s）

Table 2 Norms of mean for Sub-Health Measurement Scale in nurses of Shandong Province（score，$\bar{x}$±s）

表3 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的分类常模（分，$\bar{x}$±s）

Table 3 Norms of classification for Sub-Health Measurement Scale in nurses of Shandong Province（score，$\bar{x}$±s）

表4 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的百分位常模（分，$\bar{x}$）

Table 4 Norms of percentile for Sub-Health Measurement Scale in nurses of Shandong Province（score，$\bar{x}$）

表5 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的划界情况（分，$\bar{x}$）

Table 5 Threshold value for the total sub-health score of Sub-Health Measurement Scale in nurses of Shandong Province（score，$\bar{x}$）

表6 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的划界常模方案

Table 6 Threshold norm scheme of Sub-Health Measurement Scale score of nurses in Shandong Province

表7 山东省护士亚健康评定量表的划界常模（分）

Table 7 Threshold norm scheme of Sub-Health Measurement Scale of nurses in Shandong Province（score）

参考文献 25

[1]	国家卫生健康委.国家卫生健康委关于印发《全国护理事业发展规划(2021-2025年)》的通知[EB/OL]. (2022-04-29)[2023-02-24]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-05/09/content_5689354.htm.
	National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China.Notice of the National Health Commission on printing and distributing the national nursing development plan(2021-2025)[EB/OL]. (2022-04-29)[2023-02-24]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/2022-05/09/content_5689354.htm.
[2]	Min AR, Hong HC, Kim YM. Work schedule characteristics and occupational fatigue/recovery among rotating-shift nurses:a cross-sectional study[J]. J Nurs Manag, 2022, 30(2):463-472. DOI URL
[3]	张立娟, 张志云, 谢美莲, 等. 临床一线护士职业暴露现状及暴露后处置情况的调查分析[J]. 中国护理管理, 2022, 22(10):1525-1529.
	Zhang LJ, Zhang ZY, Xie ML, et al. Investigation and analysis on the status quo of clinical nurse exposure among clinical nurses and post-exposure management[J]. Chin Nurs Manag, 2022, 22(10):1525-1529.
[4]	向阳, 刘佳丽, 刘旭, 等. 广东省二三级医院护士工作状况及差异分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(6):887-893. DOI
	Xiang Y, Liu JL, Liu X, et al. Analysis of nurses work status and differences between secondary and tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2021, 56(6):887-893. DOI
[5]	Wang W, Yan YX, Guo Z, et al. All around suboptimal health-a joint position paper of the Suboptimal Health Study Consortium and European Association for Predictive,Preventive and Person-alised Medicine[J]. EPMA J, 2021, 12(4):403-433. DOI
[6]	Zhu JX, Ying WJ, Zhang L, et al. Psychological symptoms in Chinese nurses may be associated with predisposition to chronic disease:a cross-sectional study of suboptimal health status[J]. EPMA J, 2020, 11(4):551-563. DOI
[7]	薛婷, 姜文彬, 陈强, 等. 亚健康状况在新护士职业适应能力与留职意愿间的中介效应分析[J]. 护理学报, 2021, 28(9):48-53.
	Xue T, Jiang WB, Chen Q, et al. Mediating effect of sub-health on occupational adaptation and retention intention in new nurses[J]. J Nurs China, 2021, 28(9):48-53.
[8]	Oneal G, Graves JM, Diede T, et al. Balance,health,and workplace safety:experiences of new nurses in the context of total worker health[J]. Workplace Health Saf, 2019, 67(10):520-528. DOI PMID
[9]	许军, 冯丽仪, 罗仁, 等. 亚健康评定量表的信度效度研究[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2011, 31(1):33-38.
	Xu J, Feng LY, Luo R, et al. Assessment of the reliability and validity of the Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version1.0[J]. J South Med Univ, 2011, 31(1):33-38.
[10]	Lv XY, Cao YJ, Li YX, et al. The TARGET nurses’ health cohort study protocol:towards a revolution in getting nurses’ health ticked[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2022, 78(6):1815-1823. DOI URL
[11]	杨青, 李平, 郑显兰. 常模建立的相关研究[J]. 齐鲁护理杂志, 2011, 17(19):51-53.
	Yang Q, Li P, Zheng XL. Related research on norm establishment[J]. J Qilu Nurs, 2011, 17(19):51-53.
[12]	薛允莲. 中国城镇居民亚健康评定量表的常模制定及亚健康状态影响因素模型的构建研究[D]. 广州: 南方医科大学, 2020.
	Xue YL. Norm establishment for Sub-Health Measurement Scale(SHMS V1.0)in Chinese urban residents and construction study of influencing-factor models for sub-health status[D]. Guangzhou: Southern Medical University, 2020.
[13]	薛允莲, 许军, 刘贵浩, 等. 基于亚健康评定量表(SHMS V1.0)的我国城镇居民亚健康状况评价研究[J]. 中国全科医学, 2021, 24(7):834-841. DOI
	Xue YL, Xu J, Liu GH, et al. Evaluation of sub-health status of Chinese urban residents using the Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0[J]. Chin Gen Pract, 2021, 24(7):834-841.
[14]	蒋丽洁, 许军, 林沅锜, 等. 亚健康评定量表在广东省公务员中的信效度评价[J]. 现代预防医学, 2019, 46(23):4267-4271.
	Jiang LJ, Xu J, Lin YQ, et al. Reliability and validity of Sub-health Measurement Scale in civil servants of Guangdong Province[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2019, 46(23):4267-4271.
[15]	李秀英, 陆艳, 张跃华, 等. 亚健康评定量表评价广州白云区护理人员亚健康状况的信效度研究[J]. 护理学报, 2012, 19(11):8-12.
	Li XY, Lu Y, Zhang YH, et al. Reliability and validity of Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version1.0 in evaluation of sub-health of nurses[J]. J Nurs, 2012, 19(11):8-12.
[16]	臧凝子, 庞立健, 李品, 等. 运用量表常模工具建立证候量化分级标准的思维探析[J]. 中华中医药杂志, 2017, 32(6):2591-2594.
	Zang NZ, Pang LJ, Li P, et al. Thinking analysis of TCM syndrome quantitative classification standard established by scale norm tools[J]. China J Tradit Chin Med Pharm, 2017, 32(6):2591-2594.
[17]	冯叶芳, 张仲, 吴伟旋, 等. 哈尔滨市城镇居民亚健康评定量表的常模研制[J]. 中国全科医学, 2021, 24(10):1260-1265. DOI
	Feng YF, Zhang Z, Wu WX, et al. Establishment of the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0 for Harbin urban residents[J]. Chin Gen Pract, 2021, 24(10):1260-1265.
[18]	许军, 薛允莲, 刘贵浩, 等. 中国城镇居民亚健康评定量表的常模构建[J]. 南方医科大学学报, 2019, 39(3):271-278.
	Xu J, Xue YL, Liu GH, et al. Establishment of the norms of Sub-Health Measurement Scale Version 1.0 for Chinese urban residents[J]. J South Med Univ, 2019, 39(3):271-278.
[19]	Wu YF, Zhou X, Gong YH, et al. Work-family conflict of emergency nurses and its related factors:a national cross-sectional survey in China[J]. Front Public Health, 2021, 9:736625. DOI URL
[20]	周航, 马芳, 张艺, 等. 男护士临床工作体验的系统评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(4):596-603. DOI
	Zhou H, Ma F, Zhang Y, et al. Clinical work experience of male nurses:a meta-synthesis[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2021, 56(4):596-603.
[21]	余淑嫒. 广州市综合医院护理人员亚健康状况及其影响因素的研究[D]. 广州: 南方医科大学, 2013.
	Yu SY. The study on sub-health status and associated factors of nurses in general hospitals in Guangzhou[D]. Guangzhou: Southern Medical University, 2013.
[22]	李博, 张倩倩, 张利, 等. 河南省三级甲等医院男护士逆境商水平及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2019, 54(2):261-264. DOI
	Li B, Zhang QQ, Zhang L, et al. Analysis of adversity quotient level and its influencing factors of male nurses in tertiary hospitals in Henan Province[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2019, 54(2):261-264. DOI
[23]	Fallahchai R. Occupational stress,dyadic adjustment and quality of work-life in married nurses:moderating effects of dyadic coping[J]. Int J Nurs Pract, 2022, 28(1):e13032. DOI URL
[24]	Yang CJ, Chen AB, Sheng N. Work-family conflict,organizational identification,and professional identification among Chinese nurses from a resource perspective[J]. J Nurs Res, 2022, 30(5):e230.
[25]	马秀丽, 沈玉枝, 黄茗梓, 等. 我国育龄期护士职业发展现状及影响因素研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2022, 22(3):159-162,167.
	Ma XL, Shen YZ, Huang MZ, et al. A study on the career development status and influencing factors of nurses of childbearing age in China[J]. J Nurs Adm, 2022, 22(3):159-162,167.