Abstract:

Objective To utilize a 3D technology in the design of a female bed urinal and to evaluate its clinical efficacy. Methods A total of 102 adult female fracture patients with normal urination function admitted to a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou City from October 2022 to June 2023 were included in the study. They were divided into a control group（n=51） and an experimental group（n=51） according to random number method. Patients in control group used a regular urinal，while patients in the experimental group used the 3D technology-based female bed urinal. The level of physical pain caused by urination，the rate of urine immersion in the sacrococcygeal or gluteal cleft and the rate of bed unit or clothing of contamination were compared between the 2 groups. Results There was no significant difference in the rate of bed unit or clothing contamination between the 2 groups（P>0.05）. However，the experimental group experienced significantly lower pain caused by urination，a lower rate of urine impregnation in the sacrococcygeal or gluteal fissure（P<0.001），compared to the control group. Conclusion The 3D technology-based female bed urinal has reasonable structure and simple operation，which can significantly reduce the physical pain caused by the change of body position，reduce the incidence of urine immersion events.

Key words: Female, Bedridden Patients, 3D Printing, Urinal, Nursing Care

摘要：

目的 制作基于3D技术的女性卧床小便器（以下简称“女性卧床小便器”）并探讨其临床应用效果。 方法 设计、制作女性卧床小便器。采用便利抽样法，选取2022年10月—2023年6月杭州市某三级甲等医院收治的排尿功能正常、但因疾病限制不能下床排尿的102例成年女性骨折患者作为应用对象，采用随机数字表法，将其分为试验组和对照组，每组各51例。试验组使用女性卧床小便器，对照组使用普通集尿装置。比较两组因排尿引起的躯体疼痛评分、骶尾部或臀裂处尿液浸渍发生率、衣裤或床单元污染发生率。 结果 试验组与对照组的衣裤或床单元污染发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；试验组因排尿引起的躯体疼痛评分低于对照组，试验组骶尾部或臀裂处尿液浸渍发生率低于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。 结论 该研究制作的女性卧床小便器结构合理、操作简单，可显著减轻体位改变引起的躯体疼痛，降低衣裤或床单元的污染。

关键词: 女性, 卧床患者, 3维技术, 小便器, 护理