Abstract:

Objective To explore the post-traumatic growth course for women with termination of pregnancy due to fetal abnormalities and analyze the promoting factors，in order to provide a basis for nursing and intervention tactics. Methods The purposive sampling and theoretical sampling methods were used to select 16 women who were diagnosed with fetal abnormalities and decided to terminate pregnancy in the obstetrics department of a tertiary care maternity hospital in Beijing from May 2021 to February 2022. Women were interviewed by semi-structured interviews，and the data was analyzed by Charmaz’s constructing grounded theory paradigm. Results Women with termination of pregnancy due to fetal abnormalities underwent 4 stages of post-traumatic growth：traumatic stress period，rumination and seeking of help period，and acceptance internalization period，and post-traumatic growth period. The behavior of each period was influenced by the psychological experience of the corresponding period and influenced the experience of the next period. Extroverted personality，previous normal pregnancy and delivery experience，positive perception of events，positive self-identification，good social support，appropriate hospitalization environment and regulations，open mindedness towards death and religious belief，affected women’s post-traumatic growth. Conclusion The post-traumatic growth course of women with termination of pregnancy due to fetal anomaly is a complex continuously sublimated process. Medical staff should pay attention to psychological and behavioral changes in women’s post-traumatic growth，combine the factors that promote post-traumatic growth，and provide targeted guidance to help them successfully go through this difficult period and achieve personal growth.

Key words: Termination of Pregnancy due to Fetal Abnormalities, Post-Traumatic Growth, Promoting Factors, Qualitative Study, Obstetrical Nursing

摘要：

目的 探讨胎儿异常引产产妇的创伤后成长历程，分析促进因素，为开展针对性的护理干预提供参考依据。 方法 采用目的抽样法和理论抽样法，于2021年5月—2022年2月选取北京市某三级甲等医院产科16例确诊为胎儿异常决定引产的产妇进行半结构式访谈，采用建构主义扎根理论的范式分析资料。 结果 胎儿异常引产产妇创伤后成长经历了创伤应激期、沉思求助期、接受内化期、创伤后成长期4个时期；每一时期的行为受相应时期心理体验的影响，并影响下一时期的体验；外倾型性格、既往正常的孕产经历、对事件的正向认知、积极的自我认同、良好的社会支持、合理的住院环境与规定、对死亡的开放态度与宗教信仰7个方面可以促进产妇创伤后成长的获得。 结论 胎儿异常引产产妇的创伤后成长历程是复杂、不断升华的过程。医护人员应关注产妇创伤后成长历程中心理、行为的变化，结合促进创伤后成长的因素，为其提供针对性的指导，帮助其顺利度过这一艰难时期，实现个人成长。

关键词: 胎儿异常引产, 创伤后成长, 促进因素, 质性研究, 产科护理