Abstract:

Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of patient perception for humanistic care in China hospitals，and to provide a basis for developing nursing humanistic care measures and improving the quality of nursing humanistic care services. Methods A total of 30，099 outpatients and inpatients from 107 hospitals in 30 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） from July to August 2022 as survey subjects. A general information questionnaire and the Relational Caring Questionnaire-Patient Form were used for a cross-sectional survey，and a single-factor analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of patient relationship care. Results Finally，29 108 valid questionnaires were collected，and the effective questionnaire recovery rate was 96.7%. The patient evaluation of relationship care was（65.72±8.61） points. Single-factor analysis showed that gender，age，marital status，children’s situation，education level，occupation，place of residence，average family income，medical insurance type，visiting department，and location of the visiting hospital，and whether or not surgery were influencing factors of patient relationship care（P<0.05）. Conclusion The evaluation score of caregiver-patient relationship care among Chinese hospital patients is above average，but there is still room for improvement in western and rural regions，seriously ill and outpatient patients，low-income and low-medical insurance reimbursement populations，and non-surgical patients. Medical institutions at all levels should optimize and improve nursing humanistic care services based on influencing factors，and further enhance patients’ perception of nursing humanistic care.

Key words: Humanistic Caring, Relational Caring, Nursing Services, Root Cause Analysis, Cross-Sectional Study

摘要：

目的 了解医院患者对护理人文关怀感知的现状及其影响因素，为制订护理人文关怀措施、提升护士人文关怀服务提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层抽样法，选取2022年7月—8月全国30个省（区、市）107所医院的30 099例门诊和住院患者为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、关系性关怀量表-患者版进行调查，使用单因素分析探讨患者护理人文关怀感知的影响因素。结果 最终回收有效问卷29 108份，有效问卷回收率为96.7%。患者的关系性关怀量表总分为（65.72±8.61）分。单因素分析结果显示，性别、年龄、婚姻状况、子女情况、文化程度、职业性质、居住地、家庭人均月收入、付费方式、就诊科室、就诊医院所在区域、是否手术是患者对护理人文关怀感知的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 医院患者对护理人文关怀的评价处于中上水平，但西部、农村地区，急危重症和门诊就诊患者，低收入、低医保报销、非手术患者的护理人文关怀仍需进一步提升。各级医疗机构应针对影响因素，优化提升护理人文关怀服务，进一步提升患者对护理人文关怀的感知。

关键词: 人文关怀, 关系性关怀, 护理服务, 影响因素分析, 横断面研究