Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of screening and assessment of patients with dysphagia after stroke by nurses in Henan province. Methods Convenience sampling was conducted in 55 hospitals in Henan Province to enroll nurses from stroke-related departments for questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was formulated by expert consultation method with Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.832 and the content validity of 0.751. SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 965 nurses from 29 tertiary hospitals and 26 secondary hospitals participated in the survey,and 942 collected questionnaires were valid,with a validity rate of 97.62%. Among the 10 judgment questions in the knowledge part,nurses correctly answered 8.36±1.46 questions. In the attitude part,93.71% of nurses thought they were able to help patients improve their swallowing disorder. 98.34% of nurses thought it was necessary to establish a multidisciplinary team for swallowing disorder management. In the practice part,only 36.52% of nurses followed the latest guidelines to screen the swallowing function of patients before the first bite of food,water or drugs. Conclusion The status of screening and assessment for patients with dysphagia after stroke by nursing staff in Henan Province is not optimistic. Some nurses cannot adopt the recommended instructions to guide clinical practice,and clinical nursing management staff should attach great importance to it and carry out evidence-based translation to improve the nursing quality.

Key words: Nurses, Stroke, Dysphagia, Screening, Nursing Assessment

摘要：

目的 调查河南省护士对脑卒中患者吞咽障碍筛查与评估的现状。方法 采用便利抽样,抽取河南省55所医院的965名脑卒中相关科室的护士,调查问卷通过专家咨询法制订,Cronbach’s α系数为0.832,内容效度为0.751,采用SPSS 25.0对数据进行统计分析。结果 来自29所三级医院、26所二级医院脑卒中相关科室的965名护士参与调查,回收有效问卷942份,问卷回收有效率为97.62%;知识部分,10个专业相关判断题中,护士正确回答的题目数为（8.36±1.46）个;态度部分,93.71%的护士认为自身专业能够帮助患者改善其吞咽障碍情况,98.34%的护士认为有必要组建多学科团队进行吞咽障碍管理;实践部分,仅36.52%的护士按照最新指南推荐,在患者进食第一口食物、水或药物之前进行早期吞咽功能筛查;64.97%入院后早期吞咽功能筛查由责任护士执行。 结论 河南省护士对吞咽障碍的基础知识水平及态度尚可,但对脑卒中患者吞咽障碍筛查与评估的现状不容乐观,部分护士未采用指南推荐的方法指导临床实践,提示护理管理人员应高度重视,积极推行循证转化,促进护理质量的提升。

关键词: 护士, 脑卒中, 吞咽障碍, 筛查, 护理评估