Abstract:

Objective To investigate the effects of the starting time of drinking water on peripheral dose equivalent rate in patients undergoing bone scan,in order to further reduce the impact of bone imaging on the public. Methods Sixty hospitalized patients with bone imaging were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group began to drink water for 1 000 ml at 1 h before injection,and the control group drank water for 1 000 ml at 2 h after injection,both within 1 h to finish. The dose equivalent rates at 0.5 h,1 h,2 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,and 24 h after injection were measured by a radiation dosimeter at 0.5 m,1 m,2 m,and 3 m in front of the subjects. The distance and time were compared between the two groups when the peripheral dose equivalent rate was reduced to 2.5μSv/h. Results There were statistically significant differences in the peripheral dose equivalent rates between the two groups at 5 time points（0.5 h,1 h,2 h,3 h,and 6 h） and different distances（0.5 m,1 m,2 m,and 3 m） after injection（P<0.05）. Also,the peripheral dose equivalent rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. The distance and time of the experimental group were less compared to those in the control group when the peripheral dose equivalent rate was reduced to 2.5μSv/h. The image quality of both groups was satisfactory and met the diagnostic criteria. Conclusion The bone imaging subjects can drink 1 000 ml of water at 1 hour before the injection,in order to accelerate the excretion of the imaging agent while ensuring image quality,and reduce the surrounding dose equivalent rate in 6 hours after the injection. Nurses can use the results of measurement to guide radiation protection for patients,family members and the public.

Key words: Bone Scan, Peripheral Dose Equivalent Rate, ^99mTc-MDP, Drinking Water, Neoplasms Nursing

摘要：

目的 探讨骨显像受检者饮水开始时间对周围剂量当量率的影响,以采取相应措施减少对公众的影响。方法 将60例住院骨显像患者随机分为试验组和对照组,前者于注射骨显像剂前1 h开始饮水1 000 ml,后者予注射骨显像剂后2 h饮水1 000 ml,均1 h内饮完。采用辐射剂量仪分别测量注射显像剂后0.5 h、1 h、2 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h的7个时间点,距受检者正面0.5 m、1 m、2 m、3 m处4个距离点的周围剂量当量率;比较2组周围剂量当量率降为2.5 μSv/h时所需时间及距离。 结果 两组在注射显像剂后0.5 h、1 h、2 h、3 h、6 h的5个时间点、距受检者0.5 m、1 m、2 m、3 m处,试验组的周围剂量当量率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。试验组与对照组相比,减少了周围剂量当量率降低为2.5 μSv/h所需的时间和距离。两组图像质量均比较满意,达到诊断标准。 结论 骨显像受检者在注射前1 h饮水1 000 ml可以在保证显像质量的前提下,加快显像剂的排泄,降低注射后6 h内的周围剂量当量率。护理人员可利用测量结果来指导患者、家属及公众的放射防护。

关键词: 骨显像, 周围剂量当量率, 锝亚甲基二膦酸盐, 饮水, 肿瘤护理