收稿日期: 2025-02-10
网络出版日期: 2025-07-03
Investigation of the reprocessing of multiplexing disinfectant items in central sterile supply departments of 1 603 hospitals in China
目的 了解医院消毒供应中心（central sterile supply department，CSSD）可复用消毒物品的再处理现状，为进一步规范管理提供依据。方法 采用便利抽样法，利用自制的CSSD可复用消毒物品再处理现状调查问卷，于2024年6月11日—23日对31个省（区、市）的医院CSSD管理者进行调查。问卷内容包括医院基本情况和可复用消毒物品再处理情况2个部分。结果 共发放问卷1 835份，回收有效问卷1 603份。可复用消毒物品的使用方面，使用频率较高的物品依次为湿化瓶、止血带、呼吸气囊及附件、呼吸机管路系统等；1 558所（97.19%）医院建立标准化流程，996所（62.13%）医院设置专岗人员。可复用消毒物品的再处理方面，1 603所医院均对可复用消毒物品进行干燥处理；包装方式以塑料自封袋（59.95%）为主，541所（33.75%）医院对包装材料进行灭菌处理。935所（58.33%）医院使用无油型空气压缩机；其中51所（58.62%）医院在压缩机末端安装活性炭过滤器。结论 CSSD可复用消毒物品再处理现状有待改进，建议加强专业人员消毒知识培训，统一塑料自封袋灭菌标准，完善储存管理制度，采用无油、无水的医用压缩空气系统，降低医院感染风险。
李晓莉 , 李保华 , 康洁 , 付文君 , 牛畅 , 欧闪 , 李雪 . 1 603所医院消毒供应中心可复用消毒物品再处理的现状调查研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025 , 60(13) : 1631 -1637 . DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.13.015
Objective To understand the current situation of reprocessing reusable sterilized items in the central sterile supply departments（CSSD） of hospitals and provide a scientific basis for further standardized management. Methods Using the convenience sampling method，a self-designed questionnaire on the current situation of reprocessing of reusable disinfection items in CSSDs was used to conduct a survey in 31 provinces（autonomous regions and municipalities） from June 11th to 23rd，2024. The questionnaire covered 2 aspects，including the basic situation of the hospital and the reprocessing of disinfection items. Results A total of 1 835 questionnaires were distributed，and 1 603 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Regarding the use of reusable disinfection items，with the most frequently used items being humidification bottles，tourniquets，breathing bags and their accessories，and ventilator tubing systems etc. Among them，1 558 hospitals（97.19%） established standardized disposal procedures，and 996 hospitals（62.13%） assigned dedica-ted personnel to be responsible. In terms of the reprocessing procedures of reusable disinfection items，all 1 603 hospitals carried out drying process for the items；the main packaging method was plastic self-sealing bags （59.95%），and 541 hospitals （33.75%） sterilized the packaging materials. Additionally，935 hospitals（58.33%） used oil-free air compressors；among them，51 hospitals（58.62%） installed activated carbon filters at the end of the compressors. Conclusion The current situation of reprocessing reusable sterilized items in CSSDs of nationwide hospitals needs improvement. It is recommended to strengthen the training of professional disinfection knowledge，unify the sterilization standards for plastic self-sealing bags，develop a storage management system，and adopt a medical air compressor system without oil and water to reduce the risk of hospital infections.
| [1] | 张青, 钱黎明, 李保华. 消毒供应中心管理与技术指南[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2024. |
| [1] | Zhang Q, Qian LM, Li BH. Management and technical guide for central sterile supply departments[M]. Beijing: People's Me-dical Publishing House, 2024. |
| [2] | 卫生部. 医疗机构消毒技术规范:WS/T 367—2012[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2012. |
| [2] | Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China. Regula-tion of disinfection technique in healthcare settings:WS/T 367—2012[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2012. |
| [3] | 何彩虹, 姜杨兰, 高敏, 等. 纸塑袋包装不同类型复用消毒物品储存时效的研究[J]. 中国消毒学杂志, 2023, 40(12):944-945. |
| [3] | He CH, Jiang YL, Gao M, et al. Study on storage time of different types of reusable disinfected articles packed in paper-plastic bags[J]. Chin J Disinfect, 2023, 40(12):944-945. |
| [4] | Heibeyn J, Witte M, Radermacher K. Decontamination of a robot used to reprocess reusable surgical instruments[J]. J Hosp Infect, 2024, 143:1-7. |
| [5] | 康洁, 张青, 杨红, 等. 消毒供应中心护士岗位胜任力评价指标的构建[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(6):893-898. |
| [5] | Kang J, Zhang Q, Yang H, et al. Development of post compete-ncy index system for nurses in central sterile service depart-ments[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2021, 56(6):893-898. |
| [6] | 钱黎明, 季侃雯, 张青. 医院消毒供应中心实施信息化质量追溯的现况调查[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(1):123-127. |
| [6] | Qian LM, Ji KW, Zhang Q. Current status of information track-ing system in central sterile supply departments[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2020, 55(1):123-127. |
| [7] | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 医院消毒供应中心第1部分:管理规范:WS 310.1—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
| [7] | National Health and Family Planning Commission. Central ste-rile supply department(CSSD):part 1:management standard:WS 310.1—2016[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017. |
| [8] | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 医院消毒供应中心第2部分:清洗消毒及灭菌技术操作规范:WS310.2—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
| [8] | National Health and Family Planning Commission. Central sterile supply department(CSSD):part 2:standard for operat-ing procedure of cleaning,disinfection and sterilization:WS 310.2—2016[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017. |
| [9] | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 医院消毒供应中心第3部分:清洗消毒及灭菌效果监测标准WS 310.3—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
| [9] | National Health and Family Planning Commission. Central sterile supply department(CSSD):part 3:Surveillance standard for cleaning,disinfection and sterilization:WS 310.3—2016[S]. Bei-jing: Standards Press of China, 2017. |
| [10] | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 软式内镜清洗消毒技术规范:WS 507—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
| [10] | National Health andFamily Planning Commission. Regulation for cleaning and disinfection technique of flexible endoscope:WS 507—2016[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017. |
| [11] | 李晓红, 周俊, 杨俐, 等. 可重复使用消毒物品保存时限探讨[J]. 护理研究, 2013, 27(26):2899-2900. |
| [11] | Li XH, Zhou J, Yang L, et al. Probe into saving time of reu-sable disinfection materials[J]. Chin J Nurs Res, 2013, 27(26):2899-2900. |
| [12] | 胡叶双, 沈正华, 朱英, 等. 不同处理流程对呼吸机管道及附件清洗消毒的效果分析[J]. 医学研究与战创伤救治, 2024, 37(4):388-391. |
| [12] | Hu YS, Shen ZH, Zhu Y, et al. Analysis of the effects of different treatment procedures on cleaning and disinfection of ventilator pipes and accessories[J]. J Med Res Combat Trauma Care, 2024, 37(4):388-391. |
| [13] | 王青, 陈洋洋. 追溯管理系统流程化质控管理对消毒供应中心器械清洗质量的管理效果[J]. 中国消毒学杂志, 2020, 37(12):959-961. |
| [13] | Wang Q, Chen YY. Management effect of traceability manage-ment system process quality control management on equip-ment cleaning quality in disinfection supply center[J]. Chin J Disinfect, 2020, 37(12):959-961. |
| [14] | 国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 口腔器械消毒灭菌技术操作规范:WS 506—2016[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2017. |
| [14] | National Health and Family Planning Commission. Regulation for disinfection and sterilization technique of dental instru-ments:WS 506—2016[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2017. |
| [15] | Huang YD, Huang Y, Chen YH, et al. Factors affecting imple-mentation and pass rates of surgical instrument moistening[J]. BMC Infect Dis, 2021, 21(1):752. |
| [16] | 张咪, 王金平. 消毒剂的应用现状及发展趋势[J]. 中国洗涤用品工业, 2020(Z1):241-245. |
| [16] | Zhang M, Wang JP. Application and development of disin-fectant[J]. China Clean Ind, 2020(Z1):241-245. |
| [17] | 翟凤英, 许丽莉, 魏红艳. 医用塑料自封袋封存高效消毒物品的效果监测[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2015, 21(21):2593-2595. |
| [17] | Zhai FY, Xu LL, Wei HY. Effect monitoring of medical plastic self-sealing bag for sealing highly effective disinfec-tion items[J]. Chin J Mod Nurs, 2015, 21(21):2593-2595. |
| [18] | 金敏智, 车凤莲, 钱黎明. 纸塑包装物品灭菌装载分隔架的设计及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2018, 53(5):631-632. |
| [18] | Jin MZ, Che FL, Qian LM. Application of sterilizing loaders in paper-plastic packaging sterilization[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2018, 53(5):631-632. |
| [19] | 李芝香, 邱姝. 高水平消毒简易呼吸气囊存储时限、环境及包装材料的研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2020, 20(3):157-160. |
| [19] | Li ZX, Qiu S. Study on the storage time limit,environment and packaging materials of high-level disinfection and simple breathing airbags[J]. J Nurs Adm, 2020, 20(3):157-160. |
| [20] | 梁雪芬, 张爱红, 孔雪琴, 等. 不同包装与存放的无菌包对保存期的影响[J]. 护理研究, 2003, 17(20):1218-1219. |
| [20] | Liang XF, Zhang AH, Kong XQ, et al. Affecting of different packages and different ways of storage of sterile wraps on the preservation duration[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2003, 17(20):1218-1219. |
| [21] | 沈月霞, 章丽芳, 陈菊珍. 纸塑包装袋在无菌包中的应用[J]. 基层医学论坛, 2011, 15(28):972. |
| [21] | Shen YX, Zhang LF, Chen JZ. Application of paper-plastic packaging bag in aseptic package[J]. Med Forum, 2011, 15(28):972. |
| [22] | 袁洲杰, 牟灵英, 臧全玲, 等. 消毒灭菌物品有效保存时间的对比性研究[J]. 护士进修杂志, 2011, 26(16):1455-1457. |
| [22] | Yuan ZJ, Mu LY, Zang QL, et al. Comparative study on effective preservation time of disinfectedand sterilized items[J]. Chin J Nurs Educ, 2011, 26(16):1455-1457. |
| [23] | 陶刚, 朱泽杰, 张成行. 医院消毒供应中心压缩空气系统设计[J]. 医用气体工程, 2018, 3(3):24-26. |
| [23] | Tao G, Zhu ZJ, Zhang CH. Design of compressed air system in central sterile supply department[J]. Med Gases Eng, 2018, 3(3):24-26. |
| [24] | 蒋丹, 单明. 浅谈医用压缩空气系统及应用[J]. 医疗装备, 2012, 25(12):32-33. |
| [24] | Jiang D, Shan M. Discussion on medical compressed air sys-tem and its application[J]. Chin J Med Device, 2012, 25(12):32-33. |
| [25] | 住房和城乡建设部. 医用气体工程技术规范:GB 50751—2012[S]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2012. |
| [25] | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China,General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Repu-blic of China. Technical code for medical gases engineering:GB 50751—2012[S]. Beijing: China Planning Press, 2012. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |