脑卒中患者院前就医延迟中非亲属目击者角色功能及影响的范围综述

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.15.004

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (15): 2041-2047.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.15.004

• 中枢神经系统疾病护理研究 • 上一篇下一篇

脑卒中患者院前就医延迟中非亲属目击者角色功能及影响的范围综述

李若林¹(), 靳雨佳¹, 王晓萱¹, 王文娜¹, 王珊珊², 邱韵菁³, 陈若菲⁴, 梅永霞¹, 张振香¹, 林蓓蕾¹^,^*()

¹ 郑州大学护理与健康学院郑州市 450001
² 香港理工大学护理学院中国香港特别行政区 999077
³ 澳大利亚悉尼科技大学健康学院澳大利亚悉尼 2000
⁴ 澳大利亚莫纳什大学莫纳什维多利亚心脏研究所澳大利亚墨尔本 3168

收稿日期:2025-12-21 出版日期:2026-08-10 发布日期:2026-08-04
*通讯作者: 林蓓蕾，E-mail：linbeilei@zzu.edu.cn
作者简介:李若林：女，本科（硕士在读），护士，E-mail：1994536561@qq.com
第一联系人：作者贡献声明
李若林：文献检索、论文撰写；靳雨佳、王晓萱、王文娜：文献整理及分析、核心概念确定；王珊珊、邱韵菁、陈若菲、梅永霞、张振香：研究指导、论文审阅和修改；林蓓蕾：选题设计、研究指导、基金支持、论文审阅和修改
基金资助:
河南省重点研发与推广专项科技攻关项目(252102311150)

The role function and influence of non-relative witnesses in pre-hospital health-seeking delay of stroke patients：a scoping review

LI Ruolin¹(), JIN Yujia¹, WANG Xiaoxuan¹, WANG Wenna¹, WANG Shanshan², QIU Yunjing³, CHEN Ruofei⁴, MEI Yongxia¹, ZHANG Zhenxiang¹, LIN Beilei¹^,^*()

¹ Nursing and Health School， Zhengzhou University， Zhengzhou 450001， China
² School of Nursing， Hong Kong Polytechnic University， Hong Kong 999077， China
³ School of Nursing & Midwifery， Faculty of Health，University of Technology Sydney， Sydney 2000， Australia
⁴ Monash University， Monash Victorian Heart Inst， Melbourne 3168， Australia

Received:2025-12-21 Online:2026-08-10 Published:2026-08-04
* Corresponding author: LIN Beilei，E-mail：linbeilei@zzu.edu.cn
Funding program:
Key Specialized Research and Development Breakthrough-International Science and Technology Cooperation Program in Henan Province(252102311150)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的对脑卒中患者院前就医延迟中非亲属目击者的角色功能及影响进行范围综述，为社区卫生服务中心医护人员开展公众科普教育提供借鉴。方法系统检索CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science、万方数据库、中国知网、中国生物医学文献服务系统等中英文数据库，更新检索时限为建库至2026年3月19日。结果共纳入11篇文献，1篇仅聚焦决策延迟；定量研究8篇，定性研究3篇。非亲属目击者角色包括朋友、邻居、熟人、同事、居住场所工作人员等；发挥的功能包括症状识别与风险评估、信息支持与辅助决策、紧急应对与协助转运；其中9篇文献提到非亲属目击者通过正确应对可促进及时就医，反之错误处理则会导致就医延误。结论脑卒中发病时非亲属目击者角色非常关键，可作用于院前就医的各个环节，提高其脑卒中识别及应对处理能力，促进患者就医。但当前证据以观察性研究为主，未来社区卫生服务中心医护人员有必要依托仿真实验等新技术探索公众科普教育的智能干预策略及有效性，为降低脑卒中致死率和致残率提供新的干预着力点。

关键词: 脑卒中, 非亲属目击者, 院前, 就医延迟, 范围综述, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the role functions and potential impacts of non-relative witnesses in pre-hospital delay among stroke patients，providing a reference of future public science education in stroke. Methods A systematic search was conducted in Chinese and English databases（CINAHL，Cochrane Library，Embase，PubMed，Web of Science，Wanfang Data，CNKI，and CBM）. The search time limit was updating from the establishment of the databases to March 19，2026. Results A total of 11 studies were included，of which 1 focused solely on decision delay；there were 8 quantitative studies and 3 qualitative studies. Non-relative witnesses mainly included friends，neighbors，acquaintances，colleagues，and residential staff. Their roles included symptom identification and risk assessment，information support and auxiliary decision-making，and emergency response and transfer assistance. Among them，9 studies mentioned that non-relative witnesses could promote timely medical treatment through correct responses，whereas incorrect handling could lead to delayed medical treatment. Conclusion Non-relative witnesses play a crucial role at the time of stroke onset，and they can act on all links of pre-hospital medical treatment. Improving their ability to identify stroke and respond appropriately can promote patients’ medical treatment. However，the current evidence is mainly based on observational studies，and there is a lack of intervention studies targeting non-relative witnesses. In the future，it is necessary to rely on new technologies such as simulation experiments to explore intelligent intervention strategies and effectiveness of public science popularization education，so as to provide new intervention focuses for reducing stroke-related mortality and disability.

Key words: Stroke, Non-Relative Witness, Pre-Hospital, Health-Seeking Delay, Scoping Review, Nursing Care

李若林, 靳雨佳, 王晓萱, 王文娜, 王珊珊, 邱韵菁, 陈若菲, 梅永霞, 张振香, 林蓓蕾. 脑卒中患者院前就医延迟中非亲属目击者角色功能及影响的范围综述[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(15): 2041-2047.

LI Ruolin, JIN Yujia, WANG Xiaoxuan, WANG Wenna, WANG Shanshan, QIU Yunjing, CHEN Ruofei, MEI Yongxia, ZHANG Zhenxiang, LIN Beilei. The role function and influence of non-relative witnesses in pre-hospital health-seeking delay of stroke patients：a scoping review[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(15): 2041-2047.

图/表 3

图1 PubMed检索策略

Figure 1 Search strategy of PubMed database

图2 文献筛选流程

Figure 2 Flow diagram of literature screening

表1 纳入院前就医延迟相关文献的基本特征（n=11）

Table 1 General characteristics of the included literature on pre-hospital health-seeking delay（n=11）

参考文献 30

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脑卒中患者院前就医延迟中非亲属目击者角色功能及影响的范围综述

The role function and influence of non-relative witnesses in pre-hospital health-seeking delay of stroke patients：a scoping review

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