减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案的构建及应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.07.012

中华护理杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 947-955.DOI: 10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2026.07.012

减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案的构建及应用

王伟娜¹(), 乔晓斐², 吴立胜¹, 王倩倩¹, 蒋燕¹^,^*()

¹ 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）疝及肥胖外科合肥市 230001
² 中国科学技术大学附属第一医院（安徽省立医院）肝胆外科合肥市 230001

收稿日期:2025-09-10 出版日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2026-04-02
*通讯作者: 蒋燕，E-mail：15212778612@163.com
作者简介:王伟娜：女，硕士，主管护师，E-mail：wangweina1210@163.com
基金资助:
2023年安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2023AH053419)

The construction and application of a postoperative weight management program for bariatric surgery patients

WANG Weina¹(), QIAO Xiaofei², WU Lisheng¹, WANG Qianqian¹, JIANG Yan¹^,^*()

¹ Department of Hernia and Obesity Surgery， the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC，Division of Life Sciences and Medicine，University of Science and Technology of China， Hefei 230001， China
² Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery， the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC，Division of Life Sciences and Medicine，University of Science and Technology of China， Hefei 230001， China

Received:2025-09-10 Online:2026-04-10 Published:2026-04-02
* Corresponding author: JIANG Yan，E-mail：15212778612@163.com
Funding program:
Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Province Higher Education Institutions(2023AH053419)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的基于福格行为模型构建减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案并验证其应用效果，旨在为临床护理实践提供借鉴。方法 2024年1—3月通过文献分析和小组讨论构建体重管理方案初稿，通过2轮专家函询对方案内容进行修改和完善，形成方案终稿。采用便利抽样法，选择在安徽省某三级甲等医院疝及肥胖外科行减重代谢手术的患者作为研究对象，以2024年6—8月住院的35例患者为试验组，3—5月住院的35例患者为对照组；试验组采用体重管理方案进行管理，对照组行常规减重术后健康教育。比较术后3、6、12个月两组体重控制情况、生活质量及自我效能的差异。结果试验组失访1例，对照组失访4例。重复测量方差分析显示，两组BMI、多余体重减少百分比、总体重减少百分比及生活质量得分存在时间与组间的交互作用（P<0.05）。简单效应分析显示，试验组术后12个月BMI、多余体重减少百分比和总体重减少百分比优于对照组，术后3、6、12个月生活质量得分高于对照组，术后6、12个月自我效能得分高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论该研究构建的体重管理方案具有科学性和可行性，可改善减重代谢术后患者的远期体重控制效果，提升患者的生活质量和自我效能。

关键词: 减重代谢手术, 福格行为模型, 体重管理, 生活质量, 自我效能, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To construct a postoperative weight management program for bariatric surgery patients based on the Fogg behavior model and validate its effectiveness，aimming to provide a reference for clinical nursing practice. Methods From January to March 2024，an initial draft of the weight management program was developed through a comprehensive literature review and group discussions. The program was subsequently refined and finalized through 2 rounds of expert consultations. Patients undergoing bariatric surgery at the hernia and obesity surgery department of a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province were selected as subjects for the program practice using a convenient sampling method. Totally 35 patients hospitalized between June and August 2024 were assigned to an experimental group，while 35 patients hospitalized between March and May 2024 were assigned to a control group. The experimental group followed a postoperative weight management program based on the Fogg behavior model，while the control group received standard postoperative education. The weight control status，quality of life，and self-efficacy of the 2 groups patients were compared at 3，6，and 12 months postoperatively after the program was implemented. Results A case was lost to follow-up in the experimental group，and 4 cases were lost to follow-up in the control group. Repeated measures ANOVA showed that there was an interaction between time and groups for BMI，%EWL，%TWL and quality of life scores in the 2 groups（P<0.05）. After the intervention，the BMI，%EWL and %TWL of the experimental group at 12 months after the operation were better than the control group. The quality of life scores at 3 months，6 months and 12 months after the operation were higher than the control group. The self-efficacy scores at 6 months and 12 months after the operation were higher than the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The postoperative weight management program for bariatric surgery patients，based on the Fogg Behavior Model，is scientifically valid and feasible. Its application can improve long-term weight control outcomes，enhance patient quality of life，and increase patients’ self-efficacy.

Key words: Bariatric Surgery, Fogg Behavior Model, Weight Management, Quality of Life, Self-Efficacy, Nursing Care

王伟娜, 乔晓斐, 吴立胜, 王倩倩, 蒋燕. 减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案的构建及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2026, 61(7): 947-955.

WANG Weina, QIAO Xiaofei, WU Lisheng, WANG Qianqian, JIANG Yan. The construction and application of a postoperative weight management program for bariatric surgery patients[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2026, 61(7): 947-955.

图/表 5

表1 减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案

Table 1 Weight management program for post-bariatric surgery patients

表2 两组一般资料的比较

Table 2 Comparison of general data between the 2 groups

表3 两组各时间点体重控制的比较（$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 3 Comparison of weight control differences between the 2 groups at various time points（$\bar{x}±s$）

表4 两组各时间点生活质量得分比较（分，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 4 Comparison of quality of life scores between the 2 groups at different time points（scores, $\bar{x}±s$）

表5 两组各时间点自我效能得分的比较（分，$\bar{x}±s$）

Table 5 Comparison of self-efficacy scores between the 2 groups at different time points（scores, $\bar{x}±s$）

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减重代谢术后患者体重管理方案的构建及应用

The construction and application of a postoperative weight management program for bariatric surgery patients

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