关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 老年人, 体重管理, Meta整合, 循证护理学

Abstract:

Objective To systematically evaluate and integrate the facilitators and barriers to weight management in overweight or obesity older adults，so as to provide references for developing targeted weight management intervention strategies. Methods We searched qualitative studies on weight management in overweight or obese elderly from PubMed，Web of Science，Embase，CINAHL，Cochrane library，CNKI，Wanfang，VIP database，and China Biomedical Literature Database，and the search time period was from the establishment of the databases to April 4，2025. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Joanna Brigg Institute Australian Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research（2016），and the results were integrated by integrating methods. Results A total of 10 studies were included，from which 33 research findings were extracted. These findings were ultimately categorized into 12 classes and integrated into 2 integrated results：the facilitators include perceived threat of overweight or obesity，emphasis on health and body shape，self-management methods，experience of benefit，and social support network；the barriers include physiological and disease limitations，insufficient health literacy，changes in life attitude and lifestyle，family role conflicts，inadequate medical system services，social perceptions and psychological barriers，and external environmental and resource constraints. Conclusion Weight management in overweight or obese older adults is influenced by multiple facilitating and hindering factors. Therefore，healthcare professionals should conduct a comprehensive assessment of these individuals，fully consider their needs and preferences，and develop personalized and age-appropriate intervention strategies to enhance their participation and compliance in weight management.

Key words: Overweight, Obesity, Aged, Weight Management, Meta Synthesis, Evidence-Based Nursing