关键词: 心力衰竭, 出入量记录, 临床护理实践, 现况调查, 护士

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of cardiovascular nurses in intake and output recording of heart failure patients，and to provide a basis for further standardizing these practices. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to survey 7，761 cardiovascular nurses from 31 provinces in China in May 2024 using a self-designed questionnaire. The survey content included the content and methods of recording fluid intake and output，methods of liquid measurement，health education for patients and caregivers，and verification of the accuracy of fluid intake and output records. The chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Results A total of 7，726 valid questionnaires were collected，with an effective response rate of 99.55%. Solid food（85.00%） and insensible water loss such as sweat（59.63%） were the lowest proportion items in the recording of intake and output，respectively. A total of 6，343 nurses （82.10%） reported that their wards had standardized “intake and output record forms”. A total of 3，782 nurses（48.95%） were able to use graduated measuring cups to quantify water intake，and 3，587 nurses（46.43%） could use a “food water content table” to convert the water content of solid foods. Additionally，5，050 nurses（65.36%） involved patients and caregivers in the recording of intake and output，and 5，419 nurses（70.14%） provided health education on intake and output recording to patients and caregivers. Furthermore，4，753 nurses （61.52%） verified the accuracy of the 24-hour intake and output records after completion. Nurses whose wards regularly provided training on intake and output recording，as well as those whose wards included the accuracy of intake and output recording in quality control，demonstrated better practice outcomes in this regard（P<0.001）. Conclusion The current clinical nursing practice of cardiovascular nurses in recording the intake and output of heart failure patients needs improvement. Relevant academic organizations should further refine the standards related to intake and output recording. Medical institutions should focus on strengthening training and quality control，optimizing clinical operation procedures，and providing material，institutional，and human resource support to improve the accuracy of fluid intake and output recording for heart failure patients and ensure patient safety.

Key words: Heart Failure, Intake and Output Recording, Clinical Nursing Practice, Cross-Sectional Study, Nurses