园艺治疗对养老机构轻度认知障碍老年人的影响效果研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.14.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨园艺治疗在养老机构轻度认知障碍老年人中的应用效果，为临床实践提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，于2024年3月—9月选取广州市某2所5A级养老机构中的轻度认知障碍老年人为研究对象。采用抽签法，将2所养老机构中2个疗养区的研究对象设为试验组，另外2个疗养区设为对照组，每组各55例。试验组在对照组干预措施的基础上实施园艺治疗，对照组给予园区常规照护及参与日常休闲活动。干预后，比较两组的认知功能、基本心理需求满足程度及生活质量。结果试验组有37例、对照组有38例最终完成该研究。干预后，试验组认知功能、基本心理需求满足程度及生活质量优于对照组，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论实施园艺治疗能够延缓养老机构轻度认知障碍老年人的认知下降，满足其基本心理需求，提升生活质量。

关键词: 园艺治疗, 老年人, 轻度认知障碍, 养老机构, 生活质量, 康复护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the effect of the horticultural therapy in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in elderly care institutions. Methods A convenient cluster sampling method was used. The study was conducted among the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in 2 nursing homes with 5A-level in Guangzhou，from March to September 2024. Using a lottery method，subjects from 2 nursing areas across 2 elderly care institutions were allocated to an experimental group，with the other 2 nursing areas serving as a control group，each group comprising 55 cases. The experimental group participated in horticultural therapy on the basis of control group interventions，while the control group was given routine care and daily leisure activities. The cognitive function，basic psychological needs and quality of life were compared between the 2 groups after the intervention. Results Eventually，37 cases in the experimental group and 38 cases in the control group completed the study. After the intervention，the cognitive function，basic psychological needs and quality of life in the experimental group were all better than those in the control group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The horticultural therapy program can delay the progression of cognitive decline in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes，meet their basic psychological needs and improve their quality of life.

Key words: Horticultural Therapy, Aged, Mild Cognitive Impairment, Nursing Institution, Quality of Life, Rehabilitation Nursing

黄金燕, 翟惠敏, 王细文, 赵欣雨, 伍婉儿, 麦舜欣, 罗袁园, 蓝艳丹, 雷汝琪. 园艺治疗对养老机构轻度认知障碍老年人的影响效果研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(14): 1749-1756.

HUANG Jinyan, ZHAI Huimin, WANG Xiwen, ZHAO Xinyu, WU Waner, MAI Shunxin, LUO Yuan-yuan, LAN Yandan, LEI Ruqi. Study on the effect of a horticultural therapy on the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in nursing homes[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(14): 1749-1756.

图/表 4

表1 两组一般资料的比较[例（百分比，%）]

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the 2 groups[case（perccentage,%）]

表2 干预前后两组认知功能的比较[分，M（P25，P75）]

Table 2 Comparison of cognitive function of the 2 groups before and after intervention[scores，M（P25，P75）]

表3 干预前后两组基本心理需求程度的比较（分，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of basic psychological needs scores of the 2 groups before and after intervention（scores，$\bar{x} \pm s$）

表4 干预前后两组生活质量的比较[分，M（P25，P75）]

Table 4 Comparison of quality of life of the 2 groups before and after intervention[scores,M（P25，P75）]

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