沉浸式虚拟现实技术在择期手术全身麻醉患儿中的应用研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.06.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨沉浸式虚拟现实（immersive virtual reality，IVR）技术及不同观看内容在择期手术全身麻醉患儿中的应用效果，为临床实践提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2023年2月—10月在青岛市某三级甲等医院行择期手术的180例全身麻醉患儿作为研究对象。按照手术时间，将2023年5月—7月手术的60例患儿纳入全景视频宣教组，在常规护理的基础上沉浸式观看全景手术宣教视频；将2023年8月—10月手术的60例患儿纳入虚拟影院组，在常规护理的基础上沉浸式观看动画片；将2023年2月—4月手术的60例患儿纳入对照组，实施常规护理。使用简化版改良耶鲁术前焦虑量表、麻醉诱导配合度分级方法和儿童苏醒期躁动评分量表收集资料，比较3组术前焦虑水平、麻醉诱导配合度和苏醒期躁动度。结果 3组术前焦虑水平、麻醉诱导配合度和苏醒期躁动度比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。其中，全景视频宣教组、虚拟影院组的术前焦虑水平均低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）；全景视频宣教组、虚拟影院组的麻醉诱导配合度均优于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.017）；全景视频宣教组苏醒期躁动度低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P=0.004）。结论使用IVR技术观看全景手术宣教视频、动画片均有助于改善择期手术全身麻醉患儿的术前焦虑水平、麻醉诱导配合度，但在改善苏醒期躁动度方面，全景手术宣教视频的干预效果更佳。

关键词: 虚拟现实, 麻醉，全身, 焦虑, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application effect of immersive virtual reality（IVR） technology and different viewing content in pediatric patients with general anesthesia during elective surgery，and to provide references for clinical implementation. Methods A total of 180 pediatric patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia in a tertiary hospital in Qingdao from February to October 2023 were selected as study population using convenient sampling method. According to the operation time，60 pediatric patients who underwent surgery from May to July 2023 were included in the immersive panoramic surgical education group，and they could watch the panoramic surgical education video immersively on the basis of routine care. A total of 60 pediatric patients who underwent surgery from August to October 2023 were included in the immersive animation group to watch cartoons immersively on the basis of routine care. A total of 60 pediatric patients who underwent surgery from February to April 2023 were included in the control group and routine preoperative care was implemented. The preoperative anxiety levels，anesthesia induction compliance，and incidence of emergence agitation were compared in the 3 groups by the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale-Short Form（mYPAS-SF），anesthesia induction cooperation grade，and the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium scale（PAED）. Results There were statistically significant differences in preoperative anxiety level，anesthesia induced compliance and incidence of emergence agitation during awakening between the 3 groups（P<0.001）. Among them，the preoperative anxiety level of the immersive panoramic surgical education group and the immersive animation group was lower than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.001）. The anesthesia induced compliance degree of the immersive panoramic surgical education group and the immersive animation group was better than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.017），and the incidence of emergence agitation in the immersive panoramic surgical education group was lower than that of the control group，and the difference was statistically significant（P=0.004）. Conclusion The use of IVR technology to watch panoramic surgical education videos and cartoons can help reduce the preoperative anxiety level and improve anesthesia induction cooperation degree of pediatric patients with general anesthesia during elective surgery，but the intervention effect of panoramic surgical education videos is better in improving the emergence agitation.

Key words: Virtual Reality, Anesthesia，General, Anxiety, Pediatric Nursing

张聚, 魏丽丽, 辛晨, 王静, 韩艳, 杨岩岩, 孙梦竹. 沉浸式虚拟现实技术在择期手术全身麻醉患儿中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(6): 671-676.

ZHANG Ju, WEI Lili, XIN Chen, WANG Jing, HAN Yan, YANG Yanyan, SUN Mengzhu. Application research of immersive virtual reality technology in pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(6): 671-676.

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