关键词: 早产儿, 多感官支持, 发育支持照顾, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To design a multisensory supported device and evaluate its effectiveness on preterm infants（born before 34 weeks） during NICU hospitalization. Methods The multisensory supported device is composed of a basement，several soft cushions and an adjustable eye mask. The inner layer of the device comprises of the head and tail boundaries，serves as uterine wall-like circular boundaries. The outer skeleton is equipped with multisensory stimulation modules to provide visual，hearing，and tactile sensory stimulations for premature infants. The study was conducted in a NICU of a tertiary A children specialist hospital in Shanghai，China. The convenience sampling method was used and based on the ratio of 1∶2 between the experimental and the control group in this study. The control group was treated by standard nursing care，while the experiment group was treated with the multisensory supported device in addition to NICU conventional care. All infants were assessed during the week of admission and again at corrected gestational age of 36 weeks. The actigraphy watch which was used for 72 hours continuous record of the activities of study infants，allows the researcher to compare the activity scores，wakefulness and sleep indicators of 2 groups of infants. Results 71 preterm infants were enrolled in the study，and 60 preterm infants completed data collection for study data analysis，including 20 in the experimental group and 40 in the control group. There were no statistical differences in demographic characteristics and clinical status regarding wakefulness，sleep and physical development between the 2 groups in baseline（P>0.05）. At 36 weeks of corrected gestational age，the activity score of the experimental group was（46.61±12.14） points，and that of the control group was（57.33±18.36） points，with statistically significant differences in 2 groups （P=0.024）. The total waking time of the experimental group was（384.85±169.42） min，and that of the control group was（492.08±220.45） min，with statistically significant differences in 2 groups（P=0.049）. There was no statistical difference in other indicators between 2 groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion The multisensory supported device can reduce high-frequency unpleasant activity as well as frequent wakefulness status，which could promote the sleeping quality of preterm infants. Further studies are needed to verify further effects of the device on premature infants’ physical development.

Key words: Preterm Infant, Multisensory Support, Developmental Support Care, Pediatric Nursing