NICU早产儿的父亲出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.04.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的了解NICU早产儿父亲的出院准备度，分析其影响因素，为制订个性化的出院健康教育计划及延续性护理计划提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2022年3月—6月浙江省某三级甲等医院NICU收治的早产儿的父亲作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、出院准备度-父母版量表进行调查，应用多元线性回归分析NICU早产儿父亲出院准备度的影响因素。结果共纳入186名NICU早产儿父亲，其出院准备度-父母版量表总分为（179.97±28.20）分，标准化得分为（7.82±1.16）分，33.3%的早产儿父亲出院准备不足。多元线性回归分析结果显示，早产儿的出生胎龄、出生体重、住院天数、就医距离、父亲的年龄、家庭年收入、家庭子女个数是NICU早产儿父亲出院准备度的影响因素。结论 NICU早产儿父亲出院准备度处于中等水平，护理人员需关注早产儿出生胎龄小、出生体重低、住院天数长、就医距离远以及年轻、家庭年收入低、生育第1胎的父亲，并为其制订个性化的出院健康教育计划及延续性护理计划，以提高其照护知识和技能。

关键词: 重症监护病房, 新生儿, 早产儿, 父亲, 出院准备度, 影响因素分析, 儿科护理学

Abstract:

Objective To understand the discharge readiness of fathers of preterm infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit（NICU），analyze its influencing factors，and provide a basis for formulating individualized discharge health education plans and continuous care plans. Methods A convenience sampling method was employed to select fathers of preterm infants admitted to the NICU in a tertiary A hospital in Zhejiang Province from March 2022 to June 2022 as the subjects of the study. A general information questionnaire and the Discharge Readiness-Parent Version scale were used for the survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the factors influencing the discharge readiness of fathers of NICU preterm infants. Results A total of 186 fathers of NICU preterm infants were included in the study. The total score of the Discharge Readiness-Parent Version scale was（179.97±28.20） points；the standardized score was（7.82±1.16） points；33.3% of the fathers of preterm infants had a standardized score of <7 points. Multiple linear regression analysis results showed that the factors influencing the discharge readiness of fathers of NICU preterm infants included the gestational age at birth，birth weight，length of hospital stay，distance to access healthcare service，as well as the fathers’ age，annual family income，and number of children in the family. Conclusion The discharge readiness of fathers of NICU preterm infants is at a moderate level. Nursing staff need to pay attention to the discharge readiness of fathers of preterm infants who have lower gestational age at birth，lower birth weight，longer hospital stays，longer distance to healthcare service，and who are younger，have lower annual family income，and are having their first child. Individualized discharge health education plans and continuous care plans should be formulated for them to improve their caregiving knowledge and skills.

Key words: Intensive Care Units, Neonatal, Preterm Infant, Fathers, Discharge Preparation, Root Cause Analysis, Pediatric Nursing

孙潇潇, 陈朔晖, 滕燕萍, 王华, 刘丹. NICU早产儿的父亲出院准备度现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(4): 455-460.

SUN Xiaoxiao, CHEN Shuohui, TENG Yanping, WANG Hua, LIU Dan. Status and influencing factors of the discharge readiness of fathers of preterm infants in NICU[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(4): 455-460.

图/表 4

表1 NICU早产儿与其父亲的一般资料及出院准备度影响因素的单因素分析结果（n=186）

Table 1 Univariate analysis of general data and factors influencing discharge readiness of premature fathers in NICU（n=186）

表2 NICU早产儿父亲出院准备度-父母版量表得分情况（n=186）

Table 2 Scores of father discharge readiness measures in NICU（n=186）

表3 自变量赋值情况

Table 3 Independent variable assignments

表4 早产儿父亲出院准备度影响因素的多元线性回归分析结果（n=186）

Table 4 Multiple linear regression analysis of factors influencing discharge readiness in premature fathers（n=186）

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