“互联网+”营养教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2021.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨“互联网+”营养教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用效果。方法在福建省4所血液透析护理专科护士培训基地医院中选取接受治疗的157例维持性血液透析患者,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,试验组在常规护理的基础上实施“互联网+”营养教育,对照组予以常规护理。3个月后,比较两组的改良主观全面营养评价表得分、血液透析自我管理量表得分及营养相关实验室指标。结果试验组改良主观营养评价总分低于对照组,试验组血液透析自我管理量表总分高于对照组,试验组血清白蛋白水平明显上升,血钾、血肌酐、尿素氮水平明显下降,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）;试验组血红蛋白、血清钙、血清磷水平有所改善,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 “互联网+”营养教育能提高维持性血液透析患者的自我管理水平,改善患者营养状况,提升患者的生活质量。

关键词: 互联网, 健康教育, 维持性血液透析, 营养状况, 自我管理, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the influence of “Internet +” nutrition education on patients with maintenance hemodialysis. Methods 157 maintenance dialysis patients,from 4 training bases for specialized nurses for blood purification in Fujian Province,were divided into an intervention group and a control group by a random number table method. The patients in the control group received routine nursing care,and the patients in the intervention group received “Internet +” nutrition education on the basis of routine nursing care. After 3 months,the scores of the modified quantitative subjective global assessment,the self-management level scale,and nutrition-related test indexes of 2 groups were compared. Results The total score of the modified quantitative subjective global assessment in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The total score of self-management scale in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group,with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. Compared with the control group,the albumin level increased significantly in the intervention group. The levels of serum potassium,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen decreased significantly,with significant differences（P<0.05）. The levels of hemoglobin,serum Calcium and serum Phosphorus were improved,and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. Conclusion The “Internet+” nutrition education could improve the self-management level and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients,in order to improve the quality of life of patients.

Key words: Internet, Health Education, Maintenance Hemodialysis, Nutritional Status, Self-Management, Nursing Care

施素华,王培莉,邹琼芳,尤粒吉,李燕娃,林巧红,王继伟. “互联网+”营养教育在维持性血液透析患者中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2021, 56(1): 33-38.

SHI Suhua,WANG Peili,ZOU Qiongfang,YOU Liji,LI Yanwa,LIN Qiaohong,WANG Jiwei. Application of “Internet +”nutrition education on patients with maintenance hemodialysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2021, 56(1): 33-38.

图/表 5

表1 营养教育模块推送内容

Tab.1 Content of nutrition education module

表2 两组患者一般资料的比较[例（百分比,%）]

General data of patients in 2 groups[case（percent,%）]

表3 干预前后两组改良主观全面营养评价表得分的比较(分,$\overline{x}±s$)

Comparison of MQSGN scores between 2 groups of patients before and after intervention (score,$\overline{x}±s$)

表4 干预前后两组血液透析自我管理量表得分的比较（分,$\overline{x}±s$）

Comparison of self-management level scores between 2 groups of patients before and after intervention（score,$\overline{x}±s$）

表5 干预前后两组营养相关实验室指标的比较（$\overline{x}±s$）

Comparison of nutrition-related laboratory indicators before and after intervention between 2 groups of patients（$\overline{x}±s$）

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