综合运动训练对老年糖尿病患者衰弱和躯体功能的影响

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254?1769.2020.10.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨综合运动训练对老年糖尿病患者衰弱及躯体功能的影响。方法 2019年6月—10月,选择符合标准的94例社区老年糖尿病合并衰弱的患者作为研究对象,采用居住地分组法分为试验组（47例）和对照组（47例）。试验组在常规护理的基础上实施12周的综合运动训练（热身训练、有氧运动、抗阻运动、平衡训练、伸展训练）,对照组实施社区常规护理。采用简易机体功能评估、中文版Tilburg衰弱量表、握力、步速、空腹血糖等指标评价干预效果。结果干预后试验组Tilburg衰弱量表总分、躯体衰弱维度得分、心理衰弱维度得分、空腹血糖均低于干预前和干预后对照组（P<0.05）,简易机体功能评估各项得分及总分、握力、步速均高于干预前及干预后对照组（P<0.05）,试验组Tilburg衰弱量表中社会衰弱维度得分与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论对老年糖尿病合并衰弱的患者进行综合运动训练,有利于改善患者的衰弱状态和血糖水平,提高其躯体功能。

关键词: 综合运动, 糖尿病, 衰弱, 躯体功能, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate effects of multi-component exercise training on frailty and physical function in elderly patients with diabetes. Methods 94 eligible elderly patients with diabetes combined with frailty in communities were assigned to an intervention group and a control group by a residential grouping method,with 47 in each group. The control group received routine community nursing care,while on this basis,the intervention group was implemented with 12 weeks of multi-component exercise training（including training of aerobic resistance,balance and stretching）. The effects of the intervention were evaluated by indicators of short physical performance battery（SPPB）,the Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Indicator,handgrip strength,walking speed and fasting blood glucose. Results After intervention,the scores of TFI,physical frailty,psychological frailty and fasting blood glucose in the intervention group were lower than those at baseline and in the control group（P<0.05）. SPPB scores in all dimensions and the total score,handgrip strength,walking speed were all higher than those at baseline and in the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the scores of social frailty between 2 groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Multi-component exercise training is helpful for diabetic patients with frailty in communities to improve their frailty status,blood glucose level and physical function.

Key words: Multi-Component Exercise, Diabetes, Frailty, Physical Function, Nursing Care

张爽,陈影,孙娜雅,姜宗良,杜瑾,宋安妮,张伟宏. 综合运动训练对老年糖尿病患者衰弱和躯体功能的影响[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2020, 55(10): 1445-1451.

ZHANG Shuang,CHEN Ying,SUN Naya,JIANG Zongliang,DU Jin,SONG Anni,ZHANG Weihong. Effects of multi-component exercise training on frailty and physical function in elderly diabetic patients in communities[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2020, 55(10): 1445-1451.

图/表 4

表1 两组一般资料比较[n=89,例（百分比,%）]

Table 1 Comparison of general data between 2 groups [n=89,case（percentage,%）]

表2 两组中文版 Tilburg 衰弱量表得分比较[分,M（P25,P75）]

Table 2 Comparison of scores of the Chinese version of Tilburg Frailty Indicator between 2 groups[scores,M（P25,P75）]

表3 两组简易机体功能评估得分比较[分,M（P25,P75）]

Table 3 Comparison of scores of short physical performance battery between 2 groups[scores,M（P25,P75）]

表4 两组空腹血糖、步速、握力比较（$\bar{x}$±s）

Table 4 Comparison of objective indicators between 2 groups（$\bar{x}$±s）

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