下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者久坐行为改变困境的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.18.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者久坐行为改变困境，为纠正其久坐行为、制订个性化活动方案提供依据。方法采用目的抽样法，选取2024年8—11月就诊于四川省某三级甲等医院血管外科的下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者作为研究对象，进行半结构式访谈。基于能力-机会-动机-行为模型，采用Colaizzi 7步分析法，进行分析、归纳后提炼主题。结果提炼出3个主题及12个亚主题：能力因素（下肢及躯体功能障碍、心理感知受限、疾病知识理解困难）；动机因素（活动价值感知不足、自我效能较低、运动恐惧产生、消极心态影响）；机会因素（疾病知识指导泛化、医疗资源受限、久坐娱乐方式常态化、经济负担较重、家庭支持不足）。结论下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者的久坐行为相关影响因素复杂多样，医护人员需综合评估影响患者久坐行为改变困境的多方面因素，并据此制订针对性策略，以促进其久坐行为的改善。

关键词: 下肢动脉硬化闭塞症, 久坐行为, 能力-机会-动机-行为模型, 质性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the challenges in sedentary behavior modification among patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans（ASO），with the goal of informing the development of personalized physical acti-vity interventions to address sedentary behavior patterns. Methods A purposive sample of 16 patients diagnosed with lower extremity ASO was recruited as participants from the department of vascular surgery at a tertiary hospital in Sichuan province between August and November 2024. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data and the Colaizzi 7 steps was used to analyze the data based on Capacity-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior model. Results 3 themes and 12 sub-themes were identified，namely capacity（lower extremity and somatic dysfunction，psychological perception constraints，disease literacy deficits），motivation（inadequate perceived value of physical activity，diminished self-efficacy，kinesiophobia，negative cognitive framing），opportunity（generalization of guidance on disease knowledge，constrained healthcare resources，the normalization of sedentary entertainment practices，financial burden constraints，inadequate family support）. Conclusion The factors influencing sedentary behavior in ASO patients are complex and diverse. Healthcare professionals need to comprehensively assess the multifaceted factors contributing to patients’ difficulties in changing sedentary behavior，and develop targeted strategies accordingly to promote improvements in their sedentary habits.

Key words: Arteriosclerosis Obliterans, Sedentary Behavior, Capacity-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior Model, Qualitative Study, Nursing Care

罗小琴, 夏良香, 曾永珂, 郑燕, 郑思琳. 下肢动脉硬化闭塞症患者久坐行为改变困境的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(18): 2252-2257.

LUO Xiaoqin, XIA Liangxiang, ZENG Yongke, ZHENG Yan, ZHENG Silin. Barriers to sedentary behavior change in patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans：a quali-tative study[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(18): 2252-2257.

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