轻度认知障碍患者参与虚拟现实技术认知干预体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨轻度认知障碍患者参与虚拟现实技术认知干预的体验，为医护人员开展认知康复工作提供参考。方法采用目的抽样法，选取2021年7月—9月在北京市某三级甲等综合医院参与虚拟现实技术认知干预的10例轻度认知障碍患者作为研究对象，进行半结构访谈，采用现象学研究中Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料。结果轻度认知障碍患者参与虚拟现实技术认知干预的体验归纳为4个主题：虚拟现实技术认知干预的全面感知（感知任务特征、感知任务技巧、感知训练心态）；虚拟现实技术认知干预的驱动因素（内驱因素、外驱因素）；虚拟现实技术认知干预的结局改变（认知、言语功能改变；运动功能、行为方式改变）；虚拟现实技术认知干预的情感觉察（训练前持续封闭自己、训练中逐渐关注外物、训练后找寻生命价值）。结论医护人员应提高对轻度认知障碍患者认知干预手段的多样性，发挥患者参与训练的内部和外部驱动因素的作用，提高训练依从性，关注其精神世界，给予医疗支持、家庭支持和社会支持，帮助其重新找回生命的价值，在认知干预的同时加强心理干预，促进其认知改善，延缓认知恶化进展，提高其生活质量。

关键词: 轻度认知障碍, 虚拟现实技术, 认知干预, 护理, 体验, 质性研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the emotional experience of mild cognitive impairment patients participating in cognitive intervention based on virtual reality technology，so as to provide references for medical personnel to carry out cognitive intervention. Methods With the method of objective sampling，10 patients with mild cognitive impairment who participated in cognitive intervention based on virtual reality technology in a tertiary A hospital in Beijing from July 2021 to September 2021 were selected as the research subjects for semi-structured interviews，and the data were analyzed with Colaizzi’s 7-step analysis method in phenomenological research. Results The emotional experience of mild cognitive impairment patients participating in cognitive intervention can be summarized into 4 themes，including the overall perception of virtual reality technology cognitive intervention（perception task characteristics，perception task skills，perception training mentality），the driving factors of cognitive intervention based on virtual reality technology （internal driving factors，external driving factors）；changes in outcomes of cognitive intervention based on virtual reality technology（changes in cognitive and speech functions；changes in motor function and behavioral patterns）；emotional awareness based on virtual reality technology cognitive training（continuously self-close before training；gradually focus on external objects during training；searching for the value of life after training）. Conclusion The medical staff should improve the diversity of cognitive intervention methods for patients with mild cognitive impairment，give play to the internal and external driving factors that promote patients to participate in training，improve training compliance，pay attention to their spiritual world，provide medical support，family support and social support，help them regain the value of life，strengthen psychological intervention at the same time of cognitive intervention，promote their cognitive improvement，delay the progress of cognitive deterioration，and improve their quality of life.

Key words: Mild Cognitive Impairment, Virtual Reality Technology, Cognitive Intervention, Nursing Care, Experience, Qualitative Research

田思颖, 李苏爱, 刘梦娆, 李佩佩, 张欣悦, 常红. 轻度认知障碍患者参与虚拟现实技术认知干预体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(5): 569-575.

TIAN Siying, LI Suai, LIU Mengrao, LI Peipei, ZHANG Xinyue, CHANG Hong. Qualitative research on emotional experience of mild cognitive impairment patients participating in cognitive intervention based on virtual reality technology[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(5): 569-575.

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