床旁端坐活动联合分期呼吸训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者中的应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.23.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探究床旁端坐活动联合分期呼吸训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果，为护士开展肺康复提供参考。方法选取2021年5月—2023年12月北京市某三级甲等医院收治的120例慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者为研究对象，采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组（各60例），试验组在常规肺康复护理的基础上实施床旁端坐活动联合分期呼吸训练，对照组采用常规肺康复护理。干预后，比较两组血气分析指标、肺功能、呼吸能力、运动耐力和生活质量的差异。结果干预后，试验组动脉血氧饱和度和动脉血氧分压均优于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组最大通气量、第1 s用力呼气容积和肺活量均高于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组呼吸能力和生活质量优于对照组（P<0.05）；试验组运动耐力高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论床旁端坐活动联合分期呼吸训练能有效改善慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者的肺功能，提高其运动耐力和生活质量。

关键词: 床旁端坐活动, 分期呼吸训练, 肺疾病，慢性阻塞性, 呼吸衰竭, 生活质量, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application effect of bedside sitting activity combined with staged breathing training on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） complicated with respiratory failure，and to provide references for nurses to carry out pulmonary rehabilitation therapy. Methods A total of 120 COPD patients with respiratory failure in a tertiary A hospital of Beijing City were selected from May 2021 to December 2023 as the study subjects. The study subjects were divided into an experimental group and a control group（each n=60） by the random number table method. The experimental group received bedside sitting activity combined with staged breathing training on the basis of routine lung rehabilitation nursing，while the control group was given routine lung rehabilitation nursing. After intervention，the blood gas indicators，lung function respiratory capacity，exercise capacity，and quality of life were compared between groups after intervention. Results After intervention，the arterial partial blood oxygen saturation and arterial partial pressure of oxygen in the experimental group were better than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The experimental group had higher maximum ventilatory volume，forced expiratory volume in the first second and vital capacity than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After intervention，the lung function respiratory capacity and quality of life in the experimental group were better compared with those in the control group（P<0.05）. The exercise capacity of the experimental group was higher than that in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Bedside sitting activity combined with staged breathing training can effectively improve lung function and enhance exercise tolerance and quality of life in patients with COPD and respiratory failure.

Key words: Bedside Sitting Activity, Staged Breathing Training, Pulmonary Disease，Chronic Obstructive, Respiratory Failure, Quality of Life, Nursing Care

杨艟舸, 梁新培, 戴艳, 李蕊, 李冉, 张素, 高占成. 床旁端坐活动联合分期呼吸训练在慢性阻塞性肺疾病伴呼吸衰竭患者中的应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(23): 2847-2852.

YANG Chongge, LIANG Xinpei, DAI Yan, LI Rui, LI Ran, ZHANG Su, GAO Zhancheng. Application of bedside sitting activity combined with staged breathing training in patients with COPD and respiratory failure[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(23): 2847-2852.

图/表 6

表1 两组一般资料的比较

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the 2 groups

表2 两组血气分析指标的比较（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 2 Comparison of blood gas indicators between the 2 groups（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表3 两组肺功能的比较（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 3 Comparison of lung function between the 2 groups（$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表4 两组呼吸能力的比较（分，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 4 Comparison of respiratory capacity between the 2 groups（scores，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表5 两组运动耐力的比较（m，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 5 Comparison of exercise tolerance between the 2 groups（m，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

表6 两组生活质量的比较（分，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

Table 6 Comparison of quality of life score between the 2 groups（scores，$\bar{x}\pm s$）

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