关键词: 腹直肌分离, 患者健康参与模型, 质性研究, 康复护理

Abstract:

Objective This study explored the engagement experience change of postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis at different stages of rehabilitation，and provided references for the clinical practice. Methods This study employed purposive sampling method to select 18 postpartum patients with diastasis recti abdominis in an obstetric clinic of a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province from September 2024 to March 2025 as research subjects. According to the “patient health engagement” model，4 semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients. The data was analyzed by the interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results A total of 4 themes and 16 subthemes were extracted，including limited function and insufficient disease awareness during blackout period（physical limitations，body image disturbance，psychological stress from social and family expectations，insufficient understanding of disease pathology and consequences），inadequate disease response during arousal period （deficiency in rehabilitation skills，insufficient ability to discriminate rehabilitation information，facing concerns about multiple role conflicts，lack of confidence in disease rehabilitation，disconnection between rehabilitation plans and daily life），insufficient support for diseases during adhesion period（incorrect disease attributions and blame among family members，imbalance in the distribution of parenting responsibilities within the family，insufficient support for community medical services，needs for improved continuity of medical service support），benefit finding during eudaimonic period（well recovery of physical functions，increased satisfaction with body and enhanced social confidence，positive rehabilitation role transformation）. Conclusion In different stages of rehabilitation engagement，the experience of patients is changing dynamically，and medical staff should provide individualized professional support systematically according to the care experience to promote their level of rehabilitation participation and improve the overall rehabilitation outcomes.

Key words: Diastasis Recti Abdominis, Patient Health Engagement Model, Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation Nursing