2型糖尿病患者并发症恐惧现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2025.17.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查2型糖尿病患者并发症恐惧现状及影响因素，为制订针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2024年4—11月在大庆市2所三级甲等综合医院内分泌科住院的370例2型糖尿病患者为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表、糖尿病并发症恐惧问卷、自我感受负担量表、积极心理资本问卷、疾病不确定感量表和家庭关怀度指数问卷进行调查，采用单因素分析及二元Logistic回归分析其并发症恐惧的影响因素。结果共回收有效问卷364份，有效问卷回收率为98.38%。2型糖尿病患者糖尿病并发症恐惧问卷得分为（23.47±7.47）分，并发症恐惧发生率为22.25%。Logistic回归分析显示，医疗费用支付方式、并发症数量、积极心理资本及家庭关怀度是2型糖尿病患者并发症恐惧的影响因素（均P<0.05）。结论 2型糖尿病患者的并发症恐惧处于中等水平，护理人员应重视对患者并发症恐惧的早期评估，及时发现并采取有效措施降低其并发症恐惧水平，以提高生活质量。

关键词: 2型糖尿病, 并发症恐惧, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） patients’ fear of complications，and to provide a reference for formulating targeted intervention measures. Methods From April to November 2024，370 patients with T2DM in 2 tertiary general hospitals in Daqing City were selected by convenience sampling method. General data questionnaire，Fear of Complications Questionnaire，Self-Perceived Burden Scale，Psychological Capital Questionnaire，Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale and Family Apgar Index Questionnaire were used for investigation. Univariate analysis and binary Logistic regression were performed to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 364 valid questionnaires were collected，with an effective recovery rate of 98.38%. The score of Fear of Complications Questionnaire was（23.47±7.47），and the incidence of fear of complications was 22.25%. Logistic regression analysis showed that medical payment methods，the number of complications，positive psychological capital and family care were the influencing factors of FoC in T2DM patients. Conclusion The fear of complications in T2DM patients is at a moderate level. Nursing staff should pay attention to the early assessment of patients’ fear of complications，promptly identify and take effective measures to reduce the level of patients’ fear of complications，improve their quality of life.

Key words: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Fear of Complications, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

刘语琴, 霍桂霞, 李韶波, 李宇敏, 卢云鹏, 张子琛, 杜秋慧, 倪梦迪, 刘发荣, 贾红红. 2型糖尿病患者并发症恐惧现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2025, 60(17): 2118-2123.

LIU Yuqin, HUO Guixia, LI Shaobo, LI Yumin, LU Yunpeng, ZHANG Zichen, DU Qiuhui, NI Mengdi, LIU Farong, JIA Honghong. The status and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients’ fear of complications[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2025, 60(17): 2118-2123.

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