非哺乳期乳腺炎患者心理痛苦现状及影响因素研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.23.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨非哺乳期乳腺炎患者的心理痛苦水平及其影响因素，旨在为实施针对性干预提供参考。方法采用便利抽样法，选取2023年7月—11月在浙江省某三级甲等中医院诊治的173例非哺乳期乳腺炎患者作为调查对象，采用一般资料调查表与心理痛苦管理筛查工具对其进行调查，将单因素分析中P≤0.1的变量纳入Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果共回收有效问卷167份，非哺乳期乳腺炎患者的显著心理痛苦发生率为45.51%，心理痛苦得分为3.00（2.00，5.00）分，Logistic回归分析结果显示，乳房红肿、乳房破溃、乳头溢液或分泌物、工作或上学、恐惧、疼痛是导致非哺乳期乳腺炎患者显著心理痛苦的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论该研究中非哺乳期乳腺炎患者显著心理痛苦发生率较高，临床医护人员需要重点关注乳房症状显著或疼痛明显的非哺乳期乳腺炎患者，快速评估患者的心理情况，适时采取针对性的心理护理措施或邀请专业心理医师介入，减轻患者的心理痛苦，促进其身心健康。

关键词: 非哺乳期乳腺炎, 心理痛苦, 护理, 影响因素分析

Abstract:

Objective To explore the status of psychological distress level and its influencing factors in patients with non-puerperal mastitis. Methods From July to November 2023，173 patients with non-puerperal mastitis who were diagnosed and treated in a tertiary Chinese medicine hospital in Zhejiang Province were selected by convenience sampling and investigated by general information table and distress management screening measure. Variables with P value ≤0.1 in univariate analysis were incorporated into binary Logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results A total of 167 valid questionnaires were recovered. The detection rate of significant psychological distress in patients with non-puerperal mastitis was 45.51%，and the distress thermometer score was 3.00（2.00，5.00）. Logistic regression analysis showed that breast redness and swelling，breast ulceration，nipple discharge or secretion，at work or school，fear，and pain were the influencing factors of significant psychological distress in patients with non-puerperal mastitis（P<0.05）. Conclusion In this study，the detection rate of significant psychological distress in patients with non-puerperal mastitis is high. Clinical medical staff need to focus on non-puerperal mastitis patients with significant breast symptoms or obvious pain，quickly assess the psychological status of patients，and take targeted psychological measures or invite professional psychologists to intervene in a timely manner to reduce the psychological pain of patients and promote physical and mental health.

Key words: Non-Puerperal Mastitis, Psychological Distress, Nursing Care, Root Cause Analysis

徐佳圆, 杨啸晓, 边雪梅. 非哺乳期乳腺炎患者心理痛苦现状及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(23): 2860-2866.

XU Jiayuan, YANG Xiaoxiao, BIAN Xuemei. The status and influencing factors of psychological distress in patients with non-puerperal mastitis[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(23): 2860-2866.

图/表 3

表1 调查对象的一般资料及显著心理痛苦温度计的单因素分析结果[例（百分比，%）]

Table 1 The general data of subjects and results of univariate analysis of significant psychological distress[case（percentage，%）]

表2 非哺乳期乳腺炎患者心理痛苦相关问题及单因素分析结果[n=167，例（百分率，%）]

Table 2 Psychological distress related problems and results of univariate analysis of NPM patients[n=167，case（percentage，%）]

表3 非哺乳期乳腺炎患者显著心理痛苦的Logistic回归分析（n=167）

Table 3 Binomial Logistic regression analysis of significant psychological distress in NPM patients（n=167）

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