肺癌患者术后1个月体力活动水平现状及影响因素分析

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.16.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的调查肺癌患者术后1个月体力活动水平现状并分析其影响因素。方法 2023年1月—12月，采用便利抽样法，选取中国东部、中部、西部共16所医院的1 195例肺癌患者作为调查对象。采用一般资料调查表、健康相关体质调查表、安德森症状评估量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表、社会支持量表、健康行为能力自评量表和国际体力活动问卷进行横断面调查。结果删除缺失数据>10%的问卷36份、重复问卷13份，最终纳入1 146份。肺癌患者术后1个月分别有732例（63.9%）、204例（17.8%）处于中、低体力活动水平。多因素回归分析显示，影响因素包括居住地、家庭人均月收入、区域淋巴结分期、肺癌家族史、握力、血红蛋白、抑郁评分（P<0.05）。结论肺癌患者术后1个月的体力活动水平受社会人口学、疾病、健康相关体质及心理因素的综合影响。临床医护人员应准确评估并识别体力活动不足的肺癌患者，根据其身体状况及可能的影响因素，制订和实施个性化干预策略，以提高其体力活动水平，改善生活质量。

关键词: 肺癌, 体力活动, 多中心研究, 影响因素分析, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current postoperative physical activity levels of lung cancer patients after a month and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods From January to December 2023，a total of 1，195 lung cancer patients from 16 hospitals in eastern，central and western China were selected as the survey subjects by the convenient sampling method. A cross-sectional survey was conducted by General Information Questionnaires，Health-Related Physical Fitness Surveys，MD Anderson Symptom Inventory，Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale，Social Support Rating Scale，Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale，and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results 36 questionnaires with missing data exceeding 10% and 13 duplicate questionnaires were excluded，resulting in the analysis of 1，146 questionnaires. After a month postoperatively，lung cancer patients with moderate and low levels of physical activity were 732（63.9%） and 204（17.8%），respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the influencing factors included residence，average monthly family income，regional lymph node staging，family history of lung cancer，grip strength，hemoglobin，and depression score（P<0.05）. Conclusion The physical activity level of lung cancer patients a month after surgery is influenced by a combination of sociodemographic，disease-related，health-related physical fitness，and psychological factors. Clinical healthcare professionals should accurately assess the physical activity levels of lung cancer patients，identify those with insufficient physical activity，and develop and implement personalized intervention strategies based on their physical condition and potential influencing factors to enhance their physical activity levels and improve their quality of life.

Key words: Lung Cancer, Physical Activity, Multicenter Study, Root Cause Analysis, Nursing Care

马俏俏, 罗静, 郝桂华, 曹虎兴, 王婷, 樊沙静, 汤敏, 田翠雯, 侯黎莉. 肺癌患者术后1个月体力活动水平现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(16): 1979-1987.

MA Qiaoqiao, LUO Jing, HAO Guihua, CAO Huxing, WANG Ting, FAN Shajing, TANG Min, TIAN Cuiwen, HOU Lili. Analysis of the current state of physical activity levels and influencing factors in lung cancer patients a month post-surgery[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(16): 1979-1987.

图/表 3

表1 肺癌患者的一般资料及术后1个月体力活动水平单因素分析结果（n=1 146）

Table 1 （Continued） General characteristics and univariate analysis outcomes of physical activity levels in lung cancer patients a month postoperatively（n=1 146）

表2 自变量赋值情况

Table 2 Independent variable assignment

表3 肺癌患者术后1个月体力活动水平多元Logistic回归分析

Table 3 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of physical activity levels among lung cancer patients a month post-surgery

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