维持性血液透析患者益处发现体验的质性研究

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者的益处发现体验，为促进患者心理健康提供参考。方法 2023年3月—5月，以目的抽样法对上海市某三级甲等医院的13例维持性血液透析患者进行半结构式访谈，借助Nvivo软件整理资料，并采用Colaizzi七步分析法对资料进行分析。结果共提炼3个主题：①探究意义，包括认可维持性血液透析、渴望活着；②获得控制感，包括调适自我心理、养成健康生活习惯、学会维持性血液透析相关行为管理；③自我增强，包括挖掘外部优势资源和肯定自我价值。结论维持性血液透析患者有多方面的益处发现体验，医护人员可通过强化维持性血液透析知识宣教、搭建心理互助平台、组建多学科护理团队等方式引导患者进行积极心理建设，挖掘和提供有效的社会支持资源，培养患者自我健康管理，提高患者益处发现的水平和能力，体验正向激励，促进身心健康，提升维持性血液透析患者的生活质量。

关键词: 维持性血液透析, 益处发现, 心理健康, 积极心理学, 定性研究, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To illuminate the benefit finding experience of maintenance hemodialysis patients，and to provide a reference for promoting their mental health. Methods From March to May 2023，the purposive sampling was used to select 13 maintenance hemodialysis patients in a tertiary hospital in Shanghai for semi-structured interviews. The data were organized with the help of Nvivo software，and the Colaizzi’s seven-step method was used to analyze the data. Results 3 themes were extracted：①the search of meaning，including approved hemodialysis，the desire to live；②gaining a sense of mastery，including adjusting self-psychology，developing healthy living habits，and learning hemodialysis related behavior management；③self-enhancement，including excavating external resources and affirming self-worth. Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis patients have benefit finding experience in many aspects. Medical staff can guide patients to carry out positive psychological construction by strengthening disease knowledge education，building a psychological mutual assistance platform，forming a multidisciplinary nursing team，excavate and provide effective social support resources，and cultivate patients’ self-health management，so as to improve the level and ability of benefit finding of patients，experience positive incentives，promote physical and mental health，and improve the quality of life of hemodialysis patients.

Key words: Maintenance Hemodialysis, Benefit Finding, Mental Health, Positive Psychology, Qualitative Research, Nursing Care

龚艳琳, 郜欣悦, 陈静, 刘玲玲, 吴菁, 李永琦, 储静. 维持性血液透析患者益处发现体验的质性研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(2): 164-169.

GONG Yanlin, GAO Xinyue, CHEN Jing, LIU Lingling, WU Jing, LI Yongqi, CHU Jing. Benefit finding experience in maintenance hemodialysis patients：a qualitative research[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(2): 164-169.

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