基于系统教学模式的腹膜透析患者再培训方案的构建及应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2024.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的构建基于系统教学模式的腹膜透析患者再培训方案，以期提高腹膜透析患者的生存率和生活质量。方法 2022年1月1日—2023年5月3日，基于系统教学模式的5个阶段，研究小组调研患者再培训的需求、特征及现有资源，分析培训内容、形式、频率及方案等；邀请腹膜透析专科领域的55名专家经过2轮德尔菲专家咨询；开发方案，对23例腹膜透析患者进行预试验，评估再培训方案。结果 2轮咨询问卷回收率分别为100%、96.36%，一级项目的重要性评分均数分别为4.45~4.95分、4.47~4.94分，变异系数分别为4.59%~15.33%、4.67%~15.42%，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.379（P=0.009）、0.384（P=0.008）；二级项目的重要性评分均数分别为3.73~4.95分、3.74~4.94分，变异系数分别为4.59%~19.45%、4.67%~19.56%，肯德尔和谐系数分别为0.446（P<0.001）、0.427（P<0.001）。构建的再培训方案内容包含4个版块、33个项目、9种培训形式，采取线上线下结合，培训频率因内容而异，单个培训形式的单个内容以15 min为主。结论该研究构建的腹膜透析患者再培训方案具有科学性、可靠性和创新性，其内容通俗易懂、形式多样，培训时长和频率均符合记忆规律，评价兼顾过程和结果。

关键词: ADDIE模式, 腹膜透析, 再培训, 德尔菲技术, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To improve the survival rate and life quality of peritoneal dialysis（PD） patients，we established a retraining model based on ADDIE model，including optimizing the content，form and frequency. Methods From January 1，2022 to May 3，2023，based on the 5 stages of ADDIE model，we investigated the needs of patients，invited 55 experts in the peritoneal dialysis field to design the final draft of the retraining model through 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultations，and 23 peritoneal dialysis patients were preexperimented to evaluate and revise the retraining model. Results The questionnaire recovery rates of the 2 rounds of expert consultation were 100% and 96.36%，respectively. The coordination coefficients of the first-level catalog were 0.379 and 0.384，and the coordination coefficients of the second-level catalog were 0.446 and 0.427，respectively. The Chi-square test showed that P<0.05，indicating statistical significance. The content of the retraining model included 4 sections，33 subdirectories and 9 training forms，which were combined online and offline. The training frequency was different due to the different contents，and the single content of a single training form was mainly 15 min. Conclusion The PD patient retraining model constructed in this study is scientific，reliable and innovative. Its content is easy to understand and diverse in forms. The training duration and frequency are in line with the memory rule，and the evaluation takes into account both process and result.

Key words: ADDIE Model, Peritoneal Dialysis, Retraining, Delphi Technique, Nursing Care

何佩佩, 陈丽, 孙淼娟, 胡丽君, 殷晓红. 基于系统教学模式的腹膜透析患者再培训方案的构建及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(2): 149-155.

HE Peipei, CHEN Li, SUN Miaojuan, HU Lijun, YIN Xiaohong. Construction of a retraining model for peritoneal dialysis patients based on ADDIE model[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(2): 149-155.

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