洗胃管路固定装置的改进及应用

doi:10.3761/j.issn.0254-1769.2022.05.018

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的探讨改进的洗胃管路固定装置在急诊科中毒患者洗胃操作中的应用效果。方法改进的洗胃管路固定装置包括螺旋母滑栓、面颊固定带、防误吸侧口、唇齿保护层和咬口器主体。选取2019年12月—2020年12月沈阳市某三级甲等综合医院急诊科中毒洗胃患者98例作为研究对象,将患者随机分为试验组与对照组,每组各49例。试验组采用改进的洗胃管路固定装置进行洗胃操作,对照组采用传统咬口器装置配合人力辅助固定法进行洗胃操作,将两组洗胃操作的管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪次数、洗胃时间及洗胃过程中发生的并发症进行比较。结果试验组洗胃操作的管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪次数、洗胃时间及洗胃过程中发生的并发症例数明显少于对照组,两组比较,差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论急诊科中毒患者洗胃操作中使用洗胃管路固定装置,可有效缩短洗胃时间、节省人力资源、提高洗胃效率、降低洗胃风险及减少并发症。

关键词: 急诊, 洗胃, 中毒, 管路固定, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To explore the application effect of gastric lavage fixed device in gastric lavage operation of emergency poisoning patients. Methods The improved device includes spiral mother bolt,buccal fixation belt,anti-suction side mouth,lip and tooth protective layer and the main body of the bite device,so as to solve the problems,such as gastric cleaning pipeline is difficult to be properly fixed,gastric reflux retention in the mouth,and lip skin damage. A total of 98 patients with poisoning and gastric lavage in the emergency department of a tertiary A hospital in Shenyang from December 2019 to December 2020 were enrolled as the research subjects. The patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group by random number table method,with 49 patients in each group. In the control group,the traditional mouthpiece device and human-assisted fixation method were used for gastric lavage,while in the experimental group,the improved fixed device of gastric lavage and lavage pipeline were used for gastric lavage. The number of displacement,extubation,tube bite,the time of gastric lavage and complications during gastric lavage were compared between the 2 groups. Results The number of displacement,extubation,tube bite,the time of gastric lavage and complications during gastric lavage in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the differences between the 2 groups were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion The fixed device of gastric lavage pipeline can effectively shorten gastric lavage time,save human resources,improve gastric lavage efficiency,reduce gastric lavage risks and reduce complications in gastric lavage operation of emergency poisoning patients.

Key words: Emergency, Gastric Lavage, Poisoning, Pipeline Fixation, Nursing Care

张博泉, 赵爽. 洗胃管路固定装置的改进及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2022, 57(5): 631-634.

ZHANG Boquan, ZHAO Shuang. Improvement and application of fixed device of gastric lavage pipeline[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2022, 57(5): 631-634.

图/表 5

图1 洗胃管路固定装置正面注：1.螺旋母滑栓;2.面颊固定带;3.防误吸侧口。

Figure 1 Front of the fixed device of lavage pipeline

图2 洗胃管路固定装置侧面注：1.螺旋母滑栓;2.唇齿保护层;3.咬口器主体。

Figure 2 Side of the fixed device of lavage pipeline

表1 两组一般资料情况比较

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the two groups

表2 两组管路移位次数、拔管次数、管路咬瘪及洗胃时间比较

Table 2 Comparison of incidence of adverse events and gastric lavage time between the two groups

表3 两组并发症发生情况比较[例（百分率,%）]

Table 3 Comparison of morbidity of complications between the two groups

参考文献 13

[1]	Karunarathne A, Gunnell D, Konradsen F, et al. How many premature deaths from pesticide suicide have occurred since the agricultural Green Revolution?[J]. Clin Toxicol(Phila), 2020, 58(4):227-232.
[2]	黄清. 应用新型洗胃操作口垫固定胃管对洗胃效果的影响及护理观察[J]. 养生保健指南, 2020(35):135.
	Huang Q. Application of new gastric lavage operation mouth pad on fixation of gastric tube in gastric lavage and nursing observation[J]. Heal Guid, 2020(35):135.
[3]	姜静媛. 气管插管固定器在中毒洗胃中的应用[J]. 华西医学, 2015, 30(6):1052-1053.
	Jiang JY. Application of endotracheal intubation fixer in toxic gastric washing[J]. West China Med J, 2015, 30(6):1052-1053.
[4]	郑燕, 汪敏, 陈芬荣. 人文关怀在恶性肿瘤病人护理中的应用[J]. 护理研究, 2017, 31(21):2656-2659.
	Zheng Y, Wang M, Chen FR. Application of humanistic care in nursing care of patients with malignant tumor[J]. Nurs Res China, 2017, 31(21):2656-2659.
[5]	张波, 桂莉. 急危重症护理学[M]. 4版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2017: 190.
	Zhang B, Gui L. Acute and critical care nursing science[M]. 4th ed. Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House, 2017: 190.
[6]	陈莉, 李卫兵, 王冬梅. 两种胃管固定方法在口服中毒病人洗胃中的应用比较[J]. 护理研究, 2010, 24(27):2472-2473.
	Chen L, Li WB, Wang DM. Comparison on application of two different ways of gastric tube fixation in gastric lavage for patients orally poisoning[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2010, 24(27):2472-2473.
[7]	谢宇, 刘春兰. 机械电动洗胃护理干预在口服药物中毒洗胃患者中的应用[J]. 医疗装备, 2018, 31(23):167-168.
	Xie Y, Liu CL. Application of mechanical and electric gastric lavage nursing intervention in gastric lavage patients with oral drug poisoning[J]. Med Equip, 2018, 31(23):167-168.
[8]	曹蓓华, 周丽金, 李蕊, 等. 洗胃胃管固定带的制作及应用[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2020, 1(4):382-384.
	Cao BH, Zhou LJ, Li R, et al. The design and application of gastric tube fixing band during gastric lavage[J]. Chin J Emerg Crit Care Nurs, 2020, 1(4):382-384.
[9]	王明明, 郭凡, 邹圣强. 洗胃束缚装置的设计及应用[J]. 中华急危重症护理杂志, 2020, 1(1):91-93.
	Wang MM, Guo F, Zou SQ. Design and application of gastric lavage restraint device[J]. Chin J Emerg Crit Care Nurs, 2020, 1(1):91-93.
[10]	陆菊, 张凌峰, 刘玮, 等. 自制洗胃管固定器的设计及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2019, 54(2):318-320.
	Lu J, Zhang LF, Liu W, et al. Design and application of self-made gastric lavage tube fixator[J]. Chin J Nurs, 2019, 54(2):318-320.
[11]	张志愿. 口腔科学[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2008.
	Zhang ZY. Stomatology[M]. Beijing: People’s Health Publishing House, 2008.
[12]	吴钟琪. 呕吐[J]. 中国实用乡村医生杂志, 2016, 23(5):43-44.
	Wu ZQ. Vomit[J]. Chin Prac J Rur Doc, 2016, 23(5):43-44.
[13]	董盛龙, 田毅, 朱少飞, 等. 不同剂量布托啡诺预处理对舒芬太尼呛咳反应的影响[J]. 广西医学, 2016, 38(2):288-290.
	Dong SL, Tian Y, Zhu SF, et al. Effects of butorphanol pretreatment on cough response of sufentanil[J]. Guangxi Med J, 2016, 38(2):288-290.

[1]	韩冬芳, 田甜, 高畅, 张婧珺, 李小妹. 肺结核患者健康促进行为与健康心理控制源关系的混合研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1029-1036.
[2]	司茜茜, 王莹, 赵福云, 马晓骁, 刘均娥. A型主动脉夹层患者Ⅰ期心肺康复护理方案的构建及应用[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1037-1042.
[3]	沈支佳, 陈新宇, 钱志杰, 殷丽梅. 反复低血糖患者血糖管理行为退化特征的混合研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1043-1050.
[4]	王丽梅, 李露, 李玉霞, 喻鹏, 罗倩, 张翀旎. 糖尿病周围神经病理性疼痛患者运动恐惧现状及影响因素分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1051-1056.
[5]	丁慧敏, 戴莉敏, 蔡冬青, 杨群. 糖尿病前期患者自我管理潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1057-1064.
[6]	刘海婷, 王咏梅, 郑贝贝, 蔡丽丽, 叶林斌, 吴佳芸, 宁丽, 李益民, 陈为霞. 冠心病合并糖尿病患者药物素养自评量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1065-1071.
[7]	陈丽霞, 施慧, 朱德政, 曾莹. 成人低血糖恐惧评估工具的质量评价[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1072-1079.
[8]	中国研究型医院学会过敏医学专业委员会, 中华医学会变态反应分会过敏性疾病护理学组（筹）, 中华预防医学会过敏病预防与控制专业委员会, （执笔：王青刘君支凡万文锦田丰英霍晓鹏周文华杨永仕王田田孙劲旅）. 变应原特异性免疫治疗皮下注射护理的专家共识[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1080-1083.
[9]	李琪, 苏晴晴, 张瑶瑶, 王田田, 吕静, 李亚可, 李海燕. 全膝关节置换患者关节遗忘变化轨迹及影响因素研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1084-1090.
[10]	刘娅, 刘晓晴, 杨雪凝, 王平, 刘学奎, 罗丹. 结肠镜检查患者肠道准备失败风险预测模型的构建及验证[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1091-1098.
[11]	孙晓晴, 张爱霞, 朱珠, 樊雪梅, 梅士娟, 黄欣欣, 丛胜楠, 谢红燕. 分娩心理创伤评估量表的编制及信效度检验[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1099-1105.
[12]	谢玉生, 黄蓉蓉, 赵雪, 马蕾, 胡雁, 杨倩, 王乾沙, 明玥. 成人重度烧伤患者肠内肠外营养的证据总结[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1106-1113.
[13]	李旭琴, 冯洁惠, 黄昉芳, 俞超, 梁诗雨, 王晓, 李旭芳, 朱含. 1例行机械循环辅助桥接心脏移植患者的术前护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1114-1117.
[14]	贾晓静, 陈一竹, 许志英, 和霞, 耿超. 1例尿黑酸尿症双膝关节置换术后患者并发急性心肌梗死的护理[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1118-1121.
[15]	顾培培, 曾妃, 兰美娟, 梁江淑渊, 郭璐瑶, 蔡凌云, 朱岩, 郭鸽. 肺移植患者衰弱影响因素的Meta分析[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(9): 1122-1129.